Research On Emission Reduction Decision Under The Trading Path Of Carbon Quota Within And Outside The Supply Chain

In recent years,global warming caused by excessive emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases has attracted wide attention from governments.My country is striving to achieve " peak carbon dioxide emissions" by 2030,and "carbon neutrality" by 2060.Carbon quota trading policy is one of the core policy tools to realize this vision.During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period,my country started the pilot work of carbon emissions trading and would vigorously promote the establishment of a national carbon emission market during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.According to the National Measures for the Administration of Carbon Emission Trading(Trial)issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in 2020,carbon allowances will be allocated free of charge at the initial stage,and carbon trading can take the form of listed trading and agreement transfer.Among business-related supply chain member companies,different carbon trading paths have different impacts on supply chain operation decisions.Therefore,under the two trading paths of carbon trading in external carbon market and carbon trading in the internal supply chain,how to choose carbon trading paths and make carbon emission reduction investment decisions are issues that supply chain member companies urgently need to solve.This article focuses on a secondary supply chain composed of a single manufacturer and a single supplier.Manufacturer can meet their own carbon quota needs and have surplus through carbon emission reduction investment,but the supplier’s carbon quota is insufficient.Under a complete carbon allowance trading mechanism,supply chain member companies need to choose between internal and external carbon trading paths,and factors such as carbon market transaction prices and internal carbon trading prices will affect corporates’ carbon emission reduction decisions and profits.This paper constructs Stackelberg game models in which supply chain member companies only coexist with external carbon market transactions and internal and external carbon trading paths.With the goal of maximizing corporate profits,the optimal production and carbon emission reduction strategies of the company in different situations are obtained respectively.,This paper analyzed the impact of carbon trading prices inside and outside the supply chain and the cost coefficient of corporate carbon emission reduction on the optimal decision-making of enterprises,by comparing the carbon emission reduction rate,wholesale price,order quantity,and profit of the model-only under the coexistence of external carbon market transactions and the model-internal and external carbon trading paths,and studied the internal and external carbon allowance trading conditions of the supply chain,corporate emission reduction strategies,and internal carbon trading price formulation strategies under the carbon allowance policy.The study found that only in external carbon market transactions,one company’s emission reduction can promote another company’s emission reduction,and when the unit carbon emissions and the carbon emission reduction cost coefficient are equal,the upstream company’s carbon emission reduction rate is twice that of the downstream company.At this time,the external carbon market transaction price is directly proportional to the corporate carbon emission reduction rate,and the supplier is more sensitive to the external carbon market transaction price.Under the coexistence of internal and external carbon trading paths,when the supplier’s carbon allowance shortage is higher than the manufacturer’s surplus,the corporate carbon emission reduction rate is proportional to the external carbon market transaction price,and internal carbon trading will increase the wholesale price of intermediate products.As a result,the manufacturer’s profits are damaged,and the manufacturer will have no incentive for internal carbon trading,and internal carbon trading cannot be achieved.When the supplier’s carbon allowance shortage is lower than the manufacturer’s surplus,the corporate carbon emission reduction rate is inversely proportional to the internal carbon trading price.At this time,internal and external carbon allowance trading can reduce the wholesale price of intermediate products and increase the manufacturer’s profit.When the corporate carbon emission reduction cost coefficient and internal and external carbon trading prices meet certain conditions,the manufacturer’s profit can also be improved.