| Huangpu river is an important river basin in the Yangtze river delta and plays a significant role in regional economic development.In recent years,heavy metal pollution in huangpu river has become the main source of water quality deterioration.Studies have shown that UV filters,bisphenol A（BPA）,triclosan（TCS）and other typical emerging pollutants exist widely and enter the body through varieties of ways.At present,there are few studies on health risk assessment of heavy metals and typical emerging pollutants based on the pollution characteristics of water and fish samples of different trophic levels in China.Also there are few reports on water quality benchmarking derivation based on human health.In this paper,the content level of pollutants in the water environment is detected and analyzed,and the pollution characteristics are studied.Combined with Shanghai population exposure information,health risk assessment was conducted from drinking water and aquatic product intake routes,and water quality baseline values of each typical pollutant based on human health were established to explore the health risk of pollutant exposure to population in the river basin.In this study,ICP-MS was used to detect the content of seven major heavy metals（Pb,Cr,As,Cd,Cu,Zn,Ni）in seven common fish muscle tissues in water samples and waters of huangpu river.Six typical emerging contaminants,including four UV filters（HMS,BP-3,4-MBC,OC）,an endocrine disruptor（BPA）,and an antimicrobial agent（TCS）,were detected by GC-MS/MS.The results showed that 7 heavy metal elements were detected in the surface water of huangpu river in Shanghai,and the average content of Zn was the highest,92.69μg·L-1.The lowest content of Cd is 0.048μg·L-1.The mean contents of Zn,Cr,Cu,Ni,As,Pb and Cd in fish decreased successively and there were significant differences in different fish samples.The principal component analysis shows that two main components affect the heavy metal content in the surface water of huangpu river.The second principal component is mainly affected by natural factors and the discharge of industrial wastewater and agricultural runoff.The concentration of the six emerging pollutants in the huangpu river water samples is within the range of 1.48-89.76 ng·L-1,among which the average concentration of 4-MBC is the highest,and the detection rate of target substances is 100%.The concentration of fish samples was within the range of nd-32.92ng·g-1,where the average concentration of OC was the highest,and the detection rate of the other five target substances except OC was 100%.The health risk assessment model based on different intake pathways shows that Cu and Zn may cause low harm to human body and there is no risk of exposure to emerging pollutants.The health risk of carcinogens is greater than that of non-carcinogens,and As and Cr are the main carcinogens.Among the non-carcinogenic substances,heavy metals Pb and Cu pose the greatest health risks,while 4-MBC and BP-3 are harmful to human health and need to be prevented as soon as possible.At the same time,children are sensitive to health risks caused by pollutants,and heavy metal pollutants account for more than 90%of the total health risks,so prevention and control should be further strengthened.In the total health risk assessment,the total ERI value was>1,indicating that the human body may have a moderate exposure risk.The average annual total health risk is within the range of 10-3～10-4a-1,which is greater than the acceptable limit,indicating that various pollutants may have toxic effects on human health.According to the technical guidelines for the development of human health water quality standards（HJ837-2017）,the human health water quality standards for typical pollutants in huangpu river were deduced.The human health water quality standards for non-carcinogenic heavy metals Pb,Ni,Cu and Zn were 13.45,124.3,111.4 and 798.6μg·L-1,respectively.The As,Cr and Cd with carcinogenic effects were 1.020,74.90 and13.89μg·L-1,respectively.After the introduction of heavy metal Pb into children from sensitive groups,the water quality baseline value was1.718μg·L-1,suggesting that children in the huangpu river basin should choose drinking water with a lower lead concentration than the drinking water standard.The water quality standards for the four uv sunscreens were0.1218,0.7311,0.3494,0.0477,and 235.8,154.7μg·L-1,respectively.Based on the analysis of the pollution characteristics of heavy metals and typical emerging pollutants in water samples of different sections and fish of different trophic levels from the Huangpu River,the water quality standard values of seven heavy metals and six emerging pollutants based on human health are obtained.The research results have important reference value for the establishment of water quality standard of pollutants in the Huangpu River. |
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