An Empirical Study On The Impact Of Environmental Decentralization On Environmental Pollution

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has grown rapidly,and a well-off society has been built in 2020.However,China’s environmental problems are increasingly prominent,such as haze pollution in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,desertification in Northwest China,rural water pollution and other problems are still serious,and the environmental quality needs to be further improved.More and more people pay attention to the problem of environmental pollution.Under the new official performance evaluation system,environmental pollution control has become an important benchmark to test the governance ability of local governments.At the same time,the decentralization of economic affairs is considered to be an important reason for the long-term failure of effective control of pollution.The long-term decentralization of economic affairs and its supporting growth assessment force the government and enterprises to collude.In order to promote economic growth and realize the political promotion of officials,local governments ignore pollution control,resulting in the phenomenon of "pollution for growth" and "pollution for promotion",At the same time,the implementation of local level management in environmental supervision makes the local government not only the athlete of regional environmental governance,but also the referee of the completion of enterprise emission reduction and pollution control tasks by assigning pollution emission indicators to enterprises.It is of great significance to deal with the government’s environmental supervision behavior for environmental pollution control.Starting from the substantive content of environmental decentralization,this paper measures the allocation pattern of environmental protection regulatory authority between central and local governments from three aspects of environmental protection law enforcement,environmental protection monitoring and environmental protection supervision,so as to test how the systematic differences of the three regulatory power allocation patterns affect environmental pollution.Based on the empirical data from 2001 to 2016 at the provincial level,this paper describes the individual and spatial differences of environmental pollution,calculates the allocation pattern of provincial environmental protection regulatory authority,compares and analyzes the provincial differences between environmental decentralization and fiscal decentralization,and integrates the adjacency matrix and geographical distance matrix,and combines with the spatial dynamic panel model to analyze PM2.5,water pollution and solid waste pollution In order to test the governance effect and mechanism of environmental decentralization,thirty provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)were divided into eastern regions and central and western regions according to the national statistical yearbook standards to test the regional differences in environmental decentralization effects.The results show that: Environmental decentralization weakens the effect of emission reduction,and the higher the degree of decentralization,the higher the degree of PM2.5,water pollution and solid waste pollution,among which the effect on PM2.5 is the largest,and the effect on water pollution is the smallest;there is an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship between PM2.5 emission concentration and environmental decentralization,and there is a nonlinear relationship between water pollutants,solid waste pollutants and environmental decentralization The degree of decentralization of environmental law enforcement,monitoring and supervision has a significant negative impact on the effect of pollutant emission reduction,among which the degree of decentralization of environmental law enforcement has the largest negative effect,while the negative effect of environmental supervision is the smallest;although environmental decentralization weakens the effect of emission reduction,when the decentralization incentive of economic affairs is considered in the model,environmental decentralization has a negative impact on the effect of emission reduction Incentive and collusion can inhibit pollution;under the condition of regional differences,the impact of environmental decentralization on environmental pollution will show significant regional differences.The policy implications are as follows: to further improve the implementation effect of environmental protection policies and the implementation ability of local governments,it is inevitable to carry out substantive vertical system reform on environmental protection institutions;combined with the decentralization incentive of regional economic development,it is appropriate to give flexibility to the implementation of local environmental protection policies,which can also improve the effect of emission reduction and pollution control to a certain extent,and fully develop the environment We should make full use of the "scale effect" of the central government and the flexibility of the local government;we should consider the regional differences in environmental decentralization or centralization,and adopt more targeted environmental system reform instead of "one size fits all" policy implementation.