Optimization And Charactreization Of Composting Process Of Perishable Waste In Villages And Towns

Composting technology,with advantage of simple processing and low operating cost,is widely used in perishable waste disposal.However,it always faces problems such as the insufficient manipulation and low compost quality.Based on those background,from the viewpoints of waste nature,reaction characteristics,and processing management,this research investigated the optimization and characterization of composting process of perishable waste in villages and towns by using methods including sample analyses,compost reactors simulation and operation.Firstly,the component characteristics of perishable waste in Xingang village and Shangyang village were studied.It was found that the proportion of perishable waste in Xingang village and Shangyang village were stable,the annual average content of organic matter was about 80%,and the content of C and N elements were 40.23-44.74%and 2.78-4.85%,respectively,which showed a very high composting potential.However,there are problems such as high moisture content(61.67-88.04%),unstable C/N(13.60-56.14)and high cellulose content.It is necessary to consider the adjustment of raw materials.Secondly,the impact of reactor operation on temperature field and oxygen field were evaluated.It shows that the temperature and oxygen fields in the four kinds of reactors are evenly distributed,and verified by load reactor test.The results show that the external environment of 50℃,the aeration rate of 0.42 m~3/(min·m~3),the surrounding aeration,the central aeration and the inclined roof structure are conducive to the uniform distribution of temperature field in the reactor.Finally,four composting tests were carried out for perishable waste in batches.The composting effect and quality of composting products were evaluated.It was found that the temperature,electrical conductivity(EC)and seed germination index(GI)reached 52.5℃and 52.5℃,2.17 m S/cm and 1.91 m S/cm,123.40%and 90.26%respectively in the reactor with the surrounding aeration and the central aeration,respectively.Compared with the reactor with the bottom aeration,it had better level of harmlessness,stability and maturity,and the quality of composting products were higher.The results of this research can provide important scientific proof for the composting process optimization of perishable waste in villages and towns.