Study On The Removal Performance Of Tableware Oil Using Marine Biochar Materials

Dishwashing liquid is an indispensable household item in every family’s daily life.Traditional detergent consists of surfactants,detergents,emulsifiers and some additives.These ingredients are composed of chemical substances,they will affect human health and cause environmental pollution.Therefore,the development of new,green and healthy tableware cleaning materials is currently a research hotspot at home and abroad.In this paper,two raw materials,mussel shells and seaweed,were used for high-temperature calcination under anaerobic conditions.Then scanning electron microscopy(SEM),fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and specific surface area and aperture analysis(Brunauer Emmett Teller,BET)were used to characterize the calcined material,and optimal calcining temperature were determined according to the characterization results;Then the hydrothermal synthesis method was used to load Alkyl Polyglucosides(APG)and Rhamnolipid(Rhamnolipid,RL)on the calcined mussel shell and seaweed surface in two steps to prepare two kinds of solid green tableware cleaning Materials(shell-MTAR and seaweed-MSAR);and BET,FTIR,SEM,XPS was used to characterize its physical and chemical properties,and a contact angle measuring instrument were used to measure its contact angle to water to characterize the lipophilicity of the cleaning material,the oil removal rate was used to judge the cleaning performance of the cleaning material.The experimental conclusions obtained in this paper are as follows:(1)The optimal calcination temperature of mussel shells was 1000℃,and the specific surface area of shell powder obtained at this temperature was 2.97 m~2/g,and the average pore diameter was 9.40 nm.The optimal calcination temperature of laver was 600℃,and the specific surface area of laver charcoal was 7.86 m~2/g,and the average pore diameter is 1.67nm.(2)After loading surfactants by hydrothermal method,the physical and chemical properties of shell powder and laver charcoal have been greatly changed.The specific surface area of shell powder increased to 49.9 m~2/g,an increase of nearly 16.8 times.The amount of laver charcoal increased by 23.4 m~2/g,an increase of nearly 2.98 times.The results of infrared and XPS showed that the surface of shell powder and laver charcoal had many more hydrophobic groups than before modification,which provided many chemical sites for the removal of kitchen oil.(3)The contact angle test results show that the porous cleaning material loaded with surfactant has strong hydrophobicity.The average contact angle of MTAR is 99.5°,and the average contact angle of MSAR is 137.5°.The oil removal rates of the two are 87.05%and75.98%respectively.The porous structure of the two kinds of marine biomass carbon materials and the loaded surfactants play a significant role in the removal of kitchen oil.