| The Manila clam,Ruditapes philippinarum,as a kind of burrowing mollusk,has the characteristic behavior of spraying mud-water,but currently the research on this behavior is rarely reported.This study under laboratory conditions observes with a high-speed camera recorded the clam the basic process of individual mud-water spraying behavior,adopting the basic idea of particle systemh to amend particle motion model to calculate this behavior of energy consumption.In addition,through comparing the experimental behavior barrier and the two-compartment kinetic model simulate and study the ecological effects of the behavior of Ruditapes philippinarum on bioaccumulation of heavy metals.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）The basic process of mud-water spraying of clam individuals recorded by camera includes:preparation of closing shell,extension of water pipes and foot,upward swelling of inlet pipe,water spraying of outlet pipe,contraction of water pipes and end of water spraying.Through the water spraying particle model calculation,The energy value of a certain size of clam（shell length 36.56±6.04mm,wet weight 9.71±3.75g）was3×10-4<sub></sup>4.5×10-4J.（2）The mud-water spraying energy increased with time,but the spraying intensity was decreased and even shells were closed for a long time;Under suitable conditions,the mud-water spraying energy consumption of clam showed a significant power function growth relationship with its shell length and wet weight（R2=0.9935,P<0.01;R2=0.8857,P<0.01）.At the same time,the interaction between individual shell length and wet weight also had a significant effect on mud-water spraying energy consumption.（3）R.philippinarum had high Cd and Cu enrichment ability,the enrichment equilibrium concentration and bioconcentration factor（BCF）increased with the increase of heavy metal exposure concentration and time,which showed concentration and time effects;The enrichment ability of R.philippinarum was uneven,and its distribution pattern was gill>visceral mass>muscle.（4）The bioaccumulation factors of Cd and Cu were 115.0<sub></sup>235.2 and 99.6<sub></sup>177.1,respectively,and 123.3<sub></sup>228.9 and 117.1<sub></sup>201.4,respectively,in behavioral barrier group and no barrier group.Hence,the mud-water spraying behavior could inhibit the accumulation of heavy metals in the environment of R.philippinarum,and its in-depth principle needs to be further studied.In this study,the energy consumption calculation of the mud-water spraying behavior of R.philippinarum is helpful to understand the energy flow of the entire dynamic intertidal ecosystem,and the study on the influence of this behavior on the accumulation of heavy metals provides new ideas for improvement and biological monitoring heavy metal pollution waters from behavioral ecology. |
PDF Full Text Request