Study On Water Environment Management And Counte-Rmeasure Of Fuhe River Basin In Upper Reaches Of Baiyangdian

The Fu River is located in the upper reaches of Baiyangdian Lake and belongs to the Daqing River system.It is also the only river that runs through the main urban area of Baoding and enters the Lake with water all year round.With the rapid growth of Baoding’s economy and population,the water environment in the Fuhe River Basin has been deteriorating continuously,which is in urgent need of governance.In this study,the Fuhe River Basin in the upper reaches of Baiyangdian Lake was selected as the research object.Ten monitoring points were set up to carry out one-year water quality monitoring.The concentrations of COD,NH3-N and TP in the Fuhe River were sampled once a month to analyze the annual variation trend.Based on the water quality monitoring data of the Guokao section(Jiaozhuang,Anzhou)of Fuhe River from 2012 to 2018,the single factor evaluation method was adopted to evaluate the water quality and analyze the water quality changes of Fuhe River in recent years.The distribution and discharge of various pollution sources in the study area were investigated on the spot,the total pollution load into the river was calculated,and the contribution rate of pollution into the river was analyzed.Combined with the hydrological data of Baoding in the past 30 years,the water system in the study area was generalized and divided into sections.The relevant parameters were selected,and the water environmental capacity of the Fuhe River Basin was calculated through the one-dimensional water quality model,and the potential of emission reduction was analyzed.Together with the present situation of pollutant discharge,respectively for industrial enterprises,urban sewage treatment plants,urban sewage water collecting rate,urban runoff,ecological hydrating,urban and rural living garbage and rural domestic sewage,etc.,set up five water environment management,and the different situation of water environmental capacity prediction,analysis of advantages and disadvantages various situations;In view of the research of water environment management,the problems existing in Fuhe River Basin are analyzed,and the corresponding countermeasures are put forward.The main research results are as follows:(1)According to the sampling and monitoring of 10 monitoring points in Fuhe River Basin for one year,the concentration of ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus and COD in Fuhe River Basin changed obviously from June 2019 to May 2020,and the pollution load increased significantly from May to October,especially the concentration of ammonia nitrogen,which exceeded the limit by 4.9 times.From November to April,the water quality can basically meet the water function target requirements.Among them,the urban runoff caused by rainfall has a great impact on the water quality of Fuhe River.Since the urban rain and sewage distribution has not been fully realized,the rainwater enters the sewage treatment plant through the pipe network and then is discharged into the water body,causing a serious impact.Other pollutants have little influence on the overall water quality of Fuhe River,but have greater influence on its tributaries.(2)According to the water quality monitoring data of Bifu River cross section(Jiaozhuang and Anzhou)during 2012-2018,the water quality of Jiaozhuang cross section during 2012-2018 was all poor V;From 2012 to 2017,the water quality of Anzhou section was poor V class,and in 2018,the water quality was Fe class.The concentrations of CODCr,NH3-N and TP in the two cross-sections reached the highest level in 2014,and then showed an overall downward trend,indicating that the water quality of Fuhe River was improving year by year.By means of field survey,(3)determine FuHe basin existing industrial enterprises,urban sewage treatment plant,did not include network urban sewage,urban living garbage,large-scale livestock breeding,rural domestic sewage and rural living garbage,agricultural non-point source and urban runoff pollution 9 class,through the various sources of pollution into the river pollution load calculation,The results show that CODCr(5243.27t/a),NH3-N(410.24t/a)and TP(61.99t/a)are the major pollutants in the Fuhe River Basin.Among them,the contribution of COD and TP into the river is the largest in urban sewage treatment plants,accounting for 41.7%and 52.0%of the total inflow,respectively.The second is the urban domestic sewage not into the pipe network,accounting for 36.0%,35.8%of the river volume.The largest contribution of NH3-N into the river is urban domestic sewage that is not in the pipe network,accounting for 56.3%of the river inflow,followed by urban domestic sewage treatment plants,accounting for 23.4%of the river inflow.(4)The river system of Fuhe River Basin was generalized and segmtized,and the basin was divided into 11 river reaches to calculate the water environmental capacity respectively.Taking CODCr,NH3-N and TP3 indexes as calculation indexes,the following results were obtained:The water environmental capacity of Fuhe River Basin was CODCr(4657.41t/a),NH3-N(270.01t/a)and TP(42.01t/a).In the Wangting section,the water environmental capacity of CODCr(1518.09t/a),NH3-N(86.99t/a)and TP(12.47t/a)is the maximum due to the sufficient water.The water environmental capacity of CODCr(6.92t/a),NH3-N(0.20t/a)and TP(0.03t/a)was the minimum in Huanghuagou due to water shortage.(5)Analysis of emission reduction potential of water environmental management system:CODCr(585.86t/a),NH3-N(140.26t/a)and TP(19.98t/a)should be reduced at least every year.After calculation of the five scenarios set,it can be seen that scenario A and scenario B cannot meet the standards of water bodies;Scenario C,D and E all meet the requirements of environmental capacity.However,the residual environmental capacity of each pollutant in Scenario C is small,the residual environmental capacity of total phosphorus in Scenario D is small,and the environmental capacity in Scenario E is sufficient.Compared with Scenario C,Scenario D increases the scheme of urban rainwater collection and treatment in the early stage.Urban rainwater is mainly generated in the rainy season.Although the annual environmental capacity is up to the standard under Scenario C,there is a risk that the water quality will exceed the standard if rainwater is not treated in the early stage of the rainy season.Scenario E is compared with Scenario D,and ecological water replenishment scheme is added.Scene E,>,D,>,C.