Study On Extraction Of Effective Components From Gardenia And Inhibition On LDL Oxidative Modification

Gardenia belongs to the dual-use raw material of medicine and food published by the state.Due to large-scale cultivation,the market supply seriously exceeds the demand.In order to further process gardenia fruit and increase its additional value,this study took gardenia fruit as raw material and optimized the automatic extraction technology of gardenia oil by response surface test.Gardenia yellow pigment was extracted from the residue and purified twice to obtain high-color gardenia yellow pigment.The high purity gardenoside was recovered from the waste liquid after extracting gardenia yellow pigment.The geniposide was converted into by enzymatic hydrolysis,and genipin and amino acids were synthesized into gardenia blue pigment with high added value.The inhibitory effect of gardenia crude extract and its different polar fraction on LDL oxidative modification was studied by bioactivity tracing.The main results are as follows:(1)Gardenia oil was extracted by automatic cable extractor,and the extraction process was optimized by single factor and response surface design.The optimal extraction process was as follows:extraction temperature 119℃,extraction time 22 min,leaching time 83 min.Under this condition,the extraction yield of gardenia oil was 17.51%.Comparing the physicochemical properties and fatty acid content of mature gardenia oil and green fruit oil,it was found that with the increase of maturity,the peroxide value and iodine value of gardenia oil were decreased,while the acid value and saponification value were increased.The fatty acid composition of gardenia oil in different periods was roughly the same,but the content was different.(2)Gardenia yellow pigment was extracted from the residue of gardenia oil,and NKA resin was selected from 10 macroporous resins by dynamic screening as the carrier for separation and purification of gardenia yellow pigment.After optimization of the purification conditions,the following optimal process parameters were obtained:The optimal purification conditions were that sample mass concentration was 0.72g/L,sample flow rate was 2BV/h(BV is bed volume),sample volume was 27BV,the solutions for washing impurities were 7 BV distilled water and 9 BV 15%ethanol,followed by desorption with 3BV 80%ethanol,then obtained gardenia yellow pigment of medium color value.The amplification test of the small test process showed no significant difference in adsorption rate,desorption rate.ODi and OD2,indicating that the preparation process remained stable after amplification,providing a theoretical basis for further amplification and factory production.(3)The gardenia yellow pigment with medium color value was further refined by silica gel column chromatography.Comparing the indexes of OD1,OD2,color value,spectra scanning and color characterization before and after gardenia yellow pigment purification.it was found that chlorogenic acid,geniposide and other impurities contents were significantly reduced in the purified gardenia yellow pigment,color value from the original 41.04 increased to 756.63,which met the export standards(4)HPD-100 resin was selected from 4 macroporous resins to adsorb the waste liquid of gardenia yellow pigment,and the high-purity gardenia glycoside product was obtained.The purity was characterized by UV spectrum scanning and liquid chromatography,the purity reached 94.67%.(5)Geniposide as raw material,under the condition of the beta glycosidase enzymes to be hydrolyzed to jing ping,from the selection of glycine and taurine in taurine synthesis of gardenia blue pigment,to optimize the synthesis conditions,choice reaction temperature 50℃,pH 6.0 synthesis of gardenia blue pigment,determinating IR spectrum gardenia blue pigment structure.(6)Gardenia crude extract can delay the production of CD,inhibit Trp fluorescence quenching and effectively inhibit LDL oxidation modification,and its inhibitory effect is positively correlated with the concentration.In order to further explore the effective fractions of gardenia to inhibit LDL oxidation.In this paper,gardenia extract was divided into different polar fractions by bioactivity tracing method to investigate the effect on LDL oxidation modification.The results show that the polarity fractions different degree of delay the TBARS,CD and spectrum redshift,inhibit activity of free amino Lys attenuation and Trp fluorescence quenching and the variation of three-dimensional fluorescence reduce the formation of lipofuscin,total fluorescent substance and the activity of aldehyde.by color characterization and electron microscope scanning intuitive confirms the biochemical,spectroscopy and fluorescence index,gardenia different polar fractions can inhibit LDL oxidation.The inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate phase was better than that of other parts.Therefore,HPLC was further used to preliminarily identify the main components of ethyl acetate phase,providing a theoretical basis for subsequent studies on the inhibition of LDL oxidation modification of gardenia and the development of anti-AS drugs and functional food.