Research On Ecological Restoration Technology

With the development of economic construction in China,people’s demanding for mineral resources is increasing.In the process of mineral resources development,a large number of tailings waste accumulation causes a series of environmental problems,such as groundwater pollution,air pollution and so on.Once the heavy metals enter the food chain,they will harm the health of the body.Therefore,the environmental problems in the abandoned tailing land have drawn more and more attention.Tailings wastelands of Anshan city in Liaoning province this paper suburbs as the research object,through the early stage of the on-the-spot investigation,and combined with the status of natural recovery and reclamation area of the surface of plant growth condition,select the suitable ecological restoration plan,and to evaluate the benefits of ecological restoration,and to work for ecological restoration of abandoned lands of mines governance certain theoretical basis.（1）According to the investigation on the status of soil in the abandoned tailing land,Selected natural recovery area and repair area a total of five samples,through to the species richness,relative to a significant degree,relative density,relative frequency,relative to coverage,such as comparative analysis,the results showed that the repaired area three samples of stability of plant community is a bit poor,area of natural recovery plant community stability is better than that of reclamation area,that need to select the suitable soil remediation technologies for comprehensive control and restoration of tailings lands.Ten kinds of plants growing in the abandoned tailing lands were collected respectively.The heavy metal content in the wastelands,underground and root parts of the plants was measured by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer,and the enrichment coefficient and migration conversion rate of the plants were calculated.Meanwhile,the physiological and biochemical indexes of the plants were measured.The results showed that Artemisia argyi H.Lev.&Vaniot,Artemisia selengensis turcz.ex Bess and Zea Mays L had strong enrichment ability for the four heavy metals.Through the analysis of the transfer coefficient of heavy metals in plants,also shows that the mugwort,strong ability to the transfer of heavy metals by artemisia selengensis,heavy metals is a good repair plant,corn also has a good ability to transfer of heavy metals,and the heavy metal content in corn seeds few,other heavy metal content in plants is low,suitable soil plant patience growth of abandoned lands of mines.The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein in maize and Artemisia mugwort were higher,the activities of SOD and POD in maize were the highest,and the maize grew well under the condition of heavy metal stress and showed good resistance.（2）Screening of bioremediation scheme in the abandoned tailing lands:Due to the high heavy metal content in the early accumulation stage of tailing lands,it is difficult for plants to grow properly and the time required for phytoremediation is relatively long.Therefore,chemical eluents are first screened to improve the restoration efficiency of the abandoned tailing lands.Through the screening of different chemical eluents,the best eluent is EDTA.In the best eluent time of the eluent itself,the longer the eluent time is,the better the eluent of heavy metals will be.Indoor experiment simulation plants,soil and farmland soil were used respectively to different proportion,the plant screening after repair mugwort plants and corn,respectively in different concentrations of heavy metals and plant physiological and biochemical indexes of aging concentration-response relationship under the condition of heavy metal stress,maize and mugwort within the certain concentration range can be normal growth,the SOD and POD of the department of defense enzyme activity were significantly increased,as the change of time more clear membranous peroxide,showed better resistance to heavy metal stress,can be used for restoration of soil heavy metals.The ecological restoration plan of the abandoned tailing land screened in the previous stage is as follows:the surface is covered with soil with a thickness of 3-5cm;mugwort is planted around the abandoned tailing land;plum trees are planted at intervals of 3m and maize is planted at intervals of 0.30m.After planting,strict ecological monitoring and pipe protection are carried out throughout the year.（3）Analysis of the ecological benefits of abandoned mine lands.Based on the previous restoration plan,the ecological benefits of abandoned mine lands that have been restored were analyzed.Four indexes,namely water conservation,soil and water conservation,water quality purification and environment purification,were selected respectively to establish the evaluation index system of the ecological benefits after restoration.Through the evaluation of the index system,the ecological benefit of the reclamation demonstration base is 1002053.80 yuan?a^-1.Through the analysis of the social and economic benefits of the soil ecological restoration in the abandoned mines in the southern suburbs of Anshan,the results show that the ecological restoration of abandoned mines can achieve the goal of restoring the ecology and improving the environment,and has significant social and economic benefits.