A Study On The Selection Of Policy Tools For Air Pollution Control In The Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

At present,China’s air pollution situation is still not optimistic.Especially in recent years,the frequency of haze events in central and eastern China has had a great negative impact on people’s health and daily life.In fact,in order to solve the serious problem of air pollution,China has promulgated the "12th Five-Year Plan" for the prevention and control of air pollution in key areas,the Law on the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution,and the Three-Year Action Plan to Win the Blue Sky Defense War.Many experts also from a number of research perspectives,focus on the analysis of China’s current air pollution characteristics,the impact of air pollution factors,air pollution prevention and control policy implementation effect,air pollutant control technology and means,regional air pollution control.Based on the policy tools selection theory,air pollution prevention and control includes two aspects of policy tool classification and policy tool selection.The classification of policy tools is the basis of the research of policy tools,combining the standards of classification of scholars,and according to the criteria of the degree of coercion and the difference of content,the policy tools are divided into commandmandatory,economic incentive-type and public participation.The choice of policy tools mainly includes the criteria of policy tool selection,according to the view of the procedural school,from the policy tool process,the choice of policy tools is combined with the change of the surrounding environment.In order to clarify these questions:What types of policy tools have been used to understand the prevention and control of air pollution in urban clusters in the Yangtze River Delta? What is the use of policy tools? What type of policy tool should you choose?In this paper,the Yangtze River Delta city group as the research object,through the official government website and the Database of Beida Fabao,search and filter to the Yangtze River Delta city group issued in 2013-2018 124 policies on the prevention and control of air pollution as a study sample.Using the content analysis method,the collected policy text is encoded according to the "policy text serial number-specific terms",and at the same time,the policy tool-two-dimensional air pollution prevention and control analysis framework of the prevention and control process is constructed,and the two will be combined to form a policy tool content analysis coding table containing the policy content and two-dimensional analysis framework.Then,using statistical analysis methods,the overall situation,characteristics and problems of policy tools used in each dimension are analyzed from the policy tool dimension and the prevention process dimension respectively.In summary,it is proposed to optimize the choice of policy tools.The following three conclusions have been drawn from statistics.(1)The Yangtze River Delta city group air pollution prevention and control policy issued by a variety of subjects,mainly government-oriented,but the number of joint issues is small.In addition,the number of provincial policy releases was the same overall,with the largest number of issues issued in 2014.(2)From the perspective of the policy tool dimension,the policy tools for the prevention and control of air pollution in the Yangtze River Delta cities include command-forced,economic incentive-type,public participation-type,and mainly use the command-forced policy tool.In addition,according to the subcategory of policy tools,the compulsory policy tools of orders are mainly manifested in the categories of supervision,evaluation and accountability,the purpose of preferential award supplements in economic incentive policy tools is the most extensive,and the information disclosure and publicity and education category in public participation-type policy tools are promoted.With command mandatory policy tools dominated,policy tools subcategory use of large differences,a number of policy tools to stimulate the role of market subject governance characteristics.There are problems of inadequate utilization of economic incentive policy tools and public participation-oriented policy tools,and unreasonable use of the internal structure of policy tools.(3)From the perspective of the prevention and control process dimension,the Yangtze River Delta city group air pollution prevention and control policy tools throughout the whole process,mainly concentrated in the pre-control stage,and in the entry permit,sewage standards,emission severance and so on.In view of the policy tool dimension,the command-mandatory policy tool dominates in each stage of the process,with emphasis on pre-control,economic incentive policy tool emphasizes the pre-control,takes into account both in-process and after-the-fact control,and the public participation policy tool emphasizes the control in the event,taking into account the pre-and post-control.Presents the combination of prevention and control,in order to prevent the main,prevention process at all stages of the use of large differences characteristics.There is an unreasonable distribution structure of prevention process,and the unreasonable structure of various types of policy tools in the process of prevention and control.Therefore,in order to optimize the choice of policy tools for the prevention and control of air pollution in the Yangtze River Delta,we can optimize the structure of policy tools,improve the use of the dimension of the process of air pollution prevention and control,promote the collaborative innovation of the policy tools for air pollution prevention and control,gradually improve the use system of the policy tools for air pollution prevention and control in the Yangtze River Delta cities,and give full play to the effect and advantages of the policy tools.