Fiber Reinforcement Of Ceramic Plates And Resource Utilization Of Polishing Waste

The ceramic plate is a new type of lightweight building decoration material with green and low carbon.Enhancing its performance and functionalization has become the focus of research.Polishing waste from the ceramic plate is the main industrial solid waste generated in the polishing process.Achieving high value-added resourceful utilization and zero release of polishing waste has become an important way for the sustainable development of the ceramic industry.For the ceramic plate process formula,the effects of the kind（mullite,alumina,zirconia and basalt）and content of fibers on the properties of the ceramic plates were studied.The parameters for dispersing basalt fiber were optimized by response surface method（RSM）.The dispersant,its amount and concentration of fiber were selected as three influencing factors.The mean square error obtained by image analysis with MATLAB software and the dispersion obtained by the sedimentation test were used as response values.The two tests were mutually verified.Polishing waste（PW）was used as raw material to prepare porous ceramics by firing and hydrothermal autoclaved.Adding a pore former to the raw materials,porous ceramics were prepared by firing at 900℃.The slaked lime was added to the raw material to synthesis porous ceramics with high porosity by hydrothermal autoclaved.The optimum content of reinforcing agent,hydrothermal autoclaved temperature and holding time were determined by the orthogonal experimental design.Subsequently,the porous ceramics as the carrier,Zr O₂ and Ti O₂ co-loaded ceramic photocatalysts were prepared by impregnation.The properties of fiber-reinforced ceramic plates were characterized by water absorption,porosity and flexural strength.The results showed that the zirconia fiber exhibited better effects of enhancement than others after sintering at 1200°C.When the addition amount of zirconia fiber was 0.8wt%,the specimen possessed lower water absorption and porosity.In addition,the flexural strength of specimen with zirconia fiber of 0.8wt%was increased by 42.4%compared with the blank sample.The key to fiber reinforced ceramic plates was to increase the dispersion of the fibers in the ceramic matrix.The parameters for dispersing basalt fiber were analyzed and optimized using response surface method.The research results showed that the response values of the image method and the sedimentation method were mutually verified and the results were consistent.The optimal process conditions for high fibers dispersibility were carboxymethyl cellulose as the dispersant（added 10wt%）and concentration of fiber of1.17 g/L.The mean square error was 34.1883 and the dispersion was 75.14%.The properties of porous ceramic prepared by polishing waste were characterized by BET,XRD and SEM.The results indicated that the pore structure of the sample was significantly improved by adding the pore forming agent（10wt%Ca CO₃）by sintering.The pore structure of the samples prepared by hydrothermal autoclaved was better than that of the sintered brick.The total pore volume and specific surface area was increased,and the mesoporous volume percentage was increased by 19.86%.The optimum process parameters were slaked lime（30wt%）,hydrothermal autoclaved temperature（180°C）and hydrothermal autoclaved time（10 h）.The structure and activity of the porous ceramic photocatalysts were characterized by XRD,SEM,UV-vis and degradation tests.The results showed that compared with single semiconductor oxide,co-loaded 5wt%（Zr O₂+Ti O₂）catalyst had the highest photocatalytic degradation rate and activity.