Study On PM_2.5 Pollution Exposure And Influencing Factors Of Urban Residents

In recent years,the air pollutant PM_2.5（also known as“pulmonary particulate matter”）has received widespread public attention.As the key city located in central China,Wuhan has experienced rapid growth in urban population,energy consumption and the number of motor vehicles in the past few decades.PM_2.5 pollution has accompanied this growth.PM_2.5not only causes a decrease in atmospheric visibility,but also has an does harm to human health.Therefore,it is necessary to study the relationship between various urban factors and their influence mechanisms through urban planning and governance,so as to improve the health of urban residents.In this paper,the hourly PM_2.5 monitoring data of Wuhan in 2017 are obtained,and the spatial and temporal distribution simulation is performed using Kriging interpolation method.At the same time,The Baidu heat map data were used to simulate the hourly population distribution in Wuhan’s main urban area.Furthermore,a unified unit PM_2.5 and population grid database was established,and the average annual population pollution exposure and the cumulative pollution exposure during periods of high pollution were estimated.Finally,a city element database was established through the city POI data,city building and road data,Baidu map road condition map data and secondary processing mobile phone signaling OD data,etc.A multivariate linear regression model is constructed by taking the cumulative total population exposure as a dependent variable and various urban factors as independent variables.The influencing factors of PM_2.5 exposure risk of urban residents were analyzed,and the results of the model offered strategies and suggestions for optimizing the urban residential environment.The main research results of this paper show that there is a significant correlation between the total population of PM_2.5 exposure and the various urban factors in the main urban area of Wuhan,and the influences of different factors on PM_2.5 pollution exposure are different.The factors leading to the increasing risk of PM_2.5 exposure are mainly the large population agglomeration and traffic demand,especially the greater exposure risk of PM_2.5in traffic jams.Therefore,this article puts forward optimal suggestions and strategies for the urban planning and human settlement environment of Wuhan’s main urban area from three aspects:clear environmental governance direction,improvement of urban transportation environment and improvement of built environment quality.This article uses multi-source urban big data and innovatively constructs various types of urban models to quantitatively analyze and count the problems of urban planning and urban environment.From the perspective of urban planning,this article makes a Quantitative analysis of the relationship between various types of urban elements and populations to PM_2.5 pollution exposure for the prevention and control of PM_2.5 pollution exposure.This is the rational use of urban big data to assist planning and decision-making,which plays a good role in improving the overall health of urban residents and improving the urban living environment.