The Synthesis Of Tartaric Acid Diamides Sulfonates And Their Properties

The special structure and excellent performances of Gemini surfactants are different from the traditional surfactant,so it is a research hotspot of recent years.From the perspective of green chemistry,three kinds of tartaric acid diamides sulfonate Gemini surfactant(TAS-8,TAS-10,TAS-12)were synthesized from L(+)-Tartaric acid,fatty amine and 1,3-alkyl propanesultone.TAS is supposed to be easily degraded in the environment because of the sulfonic acid and amide group in the structureL(+)-diethyl tartrate was synthesized from L(+)-Tartaric acid and absolute ethanol.Tartaric acid amides with different chain length were synthesized from diethyl tartrate and fatty amine.Tartaric acid diamides sulfonate was synthesized from tartaric acid amide and 1,3-alkyl propanesultone.The synthesis process of each compound was optimized,and the structure of the products were characterized by IR,1HNMR,13 CNMR and MS.With the reaction yield as the main evaluation index,the optimized synthesis process of each product was obtained.The basic properties and performancesincluddingthe static surface tension,dynamic surface tension,critical micelle concentration,the micellemorphology,wetting,foaming and emulsification propertiesof Gemini surfactants TAS were studiedand compared with sodium lauryl sulfate(SDS).The time to reach the equilibrium surface tension of SDS is shorter than that of TAS.The CMC of TAS-8,TAS-10 and TAS-12 tested by the method of surface tension was 0.097,0.083 and 0.063mmol/L.the γcmc of TAS was 33.51 m N/m,32.11 m N/m and 30.30 m N/m.The CMC of SDS was 7.18mmol/L,the γcmc was 34.44 m N/m.The CMC of TAS was about 10-2 of that of SDS,which means the surface activity of TAS is higher than the surface activity of SDS.The dynamic light scattering technique was used to test the micelle size of TAS-8,TAS-10 and TAS-12 and the result was 4850 nm,5095nm and 5145 nm respectively.The Cryo transmission electron microscopy was used to observe of themicro structure of TAS-10,and the vermicular micellear and vesica morphology of TAS-10 was founded.According to the rheological properties of surfactant aggregate structure and the interaction between the microstructure and its internal groups,TAS was supposed to have high viscoelastic.The wetting property of SDS aqueous solution was better than that of TAS.The foaming ability of TAS was better than that of the SDS,and as well the foam stability.The emulsion property of TAS was better than that of SDS.With the increase of the hydrophobic carbon chain length,the wetting property,foaming property and emulsifying property of TAS were enhanced.When the hydrophilic and spacer structure are the same,the gelling properties and application performance test of different chain length TAS showed that,the surface activity of TAS increased as the hydrophobic length increasing.Also the wetting properties,foam properties and emulsifying properties were enhanced.The synthesis route of TAS is relatively simple and easy to operate,the cost of the raw materials is relatively low.TAS has excellent application performance and is easy to degrade in the environment according to their structure.It is predicted that this type of surfactant has a good application prospect.