Separation And Preliminary Study Of The Active Components In Dry Mycelium Of Penicillium Chrvsogenum And It’s Effects On The Plant Growth Promotion

Dry mycelium of penicillium chrysogenum(DM)have growth promoting effection on plant.Plant height,fresh weight,dry weight and yield were significantly increased by used DM in the field in many plants,such as,cotton,cucumber,tomato,rice and tobacco.Untill now,there is no publication about the active components separation and growth promotion study of DM.In this study,active ingredients of DM have been separated according to the polarity of the substance.Growth promoting effection of active ingredients was detected in Nicotiana tabacum L.cv Bright Yellow-2(BY-2)cells and tobacco.The mechanism of growth promotion and development affection was explored in molecular,cells and plants level.The results of this paper are summarized as follows:According to the polarity of the material,four crude ingredients were separated in DM.They are petroleum ether extract of DM(PEE),ethyl acetate extract of DM(EACE),n-butanol extract of DM(NBAE)and the remaining water extraction phase of DM(DWE).Cell growth assay showed that Less polar of DM can promote cell growth,especially EACE.10 μg/mL EACE can effectively promote the dry weight 108.12 percent higher than control in BY-2 cells.EACE can not increase the cell protoplast diameter suggested that it did not increase the cell volume.Cell growth and division-related genes pCNT103,NtCesA-1a and CdkB1 were induced by EACE.pCNT103 and NtCesA-1a were up-regulated after treatment 2-4 h by EACE,CdkB1 transient expressed at 8 h.When irrigated root by 10 μg/mL,20 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL EACE in cultivated tobacco "Nicotiana tabacum L.cv Honghuadajingyuan" in greenhouse,the number of seedlings’leaves and diameter of stem increased,and the increase rate was 7.72%-10.29%and 14.96%-25.81%.We also detected the content of chlorophyll,the increase rates of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and chlorophyll were 9.22%-13.31%,31.73%-46.92%and 21.81%-24.44%,respectively.The fresh weight of the underground part of seedlings increased 18.74%when irrigated root by 10 μg/mL EACE in tobacco.Nevertheless,the height of seedlings were reduced 4.3%-13.8%by EACE.25 compounds that known the structure of EACE were identified in the GC-MS data base,some of them can regulate plant growth and promote cell proliferation,such as glycerol,benzeneacetic acid,inositol and cadaverineSo the results demonstrated that some constituents of EACE can promote cell division,regulate plant development.The mechanism is that EACE accelerated cell cycle progression and promoted cell division by induced high expression of cell growth-related genes.The increase of seedling leaves,stem diameter,fresh weight of the underground part of seedling and chlorophyll enhanced photosynthetic capacity in tobacco treatmented by EACE.