| Ganoderma lingzhi is a kind of precious medicinal fungi,which has been used in our country for more than two thousand years.It has diverse pharmacological effects including immune regulation,antineoplastic activity,protecting liver for inflammation.And it has good clinical curative effect to treat high blood pressure,high cholesterol,liver disease,cardiovascular disease.Ganoderma lingzhi spore powder is the reproductive cells of the Ganoderma lingzhi.So its main component,polysaccharides,triterpenoid,nucleoside,sterol and other active ingredients,is similar to the Ganoderma lingzhi’s.For the yield of wild Ganoderma lingzhi is low,the vast majority of Ganoderma lingzhi on the market comes from the artificial cultivation.And the main cultivated areas of Ganoderma lingzhi including Zhe Jiang Province,An Hui Province,Fu Jian Province,Shan Dong Province and Ji Lin Province etc.It is not certain that if the various differences,such as varieties,cultivation methods,the geographical environment and the management mode of Ganoderma lingzhi,among different cultivated areas,will lead to significant differences of quality of Ganoderma lingzhi and Ganoderma lingzhi spore powder.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze and compare the active ingredients of Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas and to determinate the chemical composition of the active ingredients.And the research will provide the scientific basis for development and production of related medicines or health products.In this thesis,fruit body and spore powder of Ganoderma lingzhi,which were from the five main cultivated areas,were selected to research the polysaccharides,liposoluble component and water-soluble component 0f different areas Ganoderma lingzhi..And the main results are as follows:To explore the difference of polysaccharide composition in fruiting body and spore powder of Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas.The phenol-sulfuric acid method and DNS were used to determinate polysaccharide contents,The HPLC was used to determinate the kinds of polysaccharides,and ion chromatography-integrated was used to determinate the monosaccharide composition in polysaccharide and the content of free monosaccharide or sugar alcohols.Results show that there are significant differences of polysaccharides contents among fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas,and a similar situation is found in spore powder Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas;The highest polysaccharides content is 2.5 times as many as the lowest one.According to HPLC fingerprint,there is a obvious difference among fruiting body peaks of fruiting body Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas.The proportion of glucose in monosaccharide composition is obviously different;There are obvious distinctions in the content of free sugar alcohol of Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas.After the wall-breaking treatments,polysaccharide content increased significantly;In fingerprint chromatography,the number of peak,peak area and peak shape were obviously changed;The peak area of large molecular weight reduce,and the area and the content of small molecular weight increase at the same time.The proportion of monosaccharide also has obvious change after the wall broken,the part of glucose decline significant.To explore the difference of liposoluble constituent in fruiting body and spore powder of Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas.In this thesis,a HPLC mothed was established,which could determinate 12 kinds of triterpenoids at one time.HPLC was used to determinate the content of triterpenoids,and then anylse the similarity according to HPLC chromatography.The content of ergosterol was also determinated by HPLC.Results show that the establelished method,used to determinate the content of triterpenoids,was high sensitivity,good repeatability and stability,and the mothed is suitable for the determination and analysis of 12 kinds of triterpenoids in fruiting body,and the method provides areliable method and meansto assess the quality of fruiting body.According to the fingerprint chromatography and the content of triterpenoids,there are significant distinctions in the peak number and the peak areas in the HPLC ingerprint chromatography of triterpenoids in fruiting body from the five producing areas,and similarity is below 0.9,especially the content of triterpenoids in fruiting body from Shan Dong has a large differerence from other areas.The content of triterpenoids in spore powder is extremely low,and the triterpenoids was only determinated in the spore powder from Shan Dong and An Hui.The content of ergosterol have large differences in fruiting body and spore powder from different areas,and ergosterol can not released until the wall of spore powder broken.To explore the difference of water soluble constituent in fruiting body and spore powder of Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas.In this thesis,a HPLC mothed was established,which could determinate ergothioneine.The content of ergothioneine in fruiting body and spore powder from different areas were determinated thought the method.Analyse the similarity of HPLC fingerprint chromatography of nucleosides,and compare the content of the nucleosides and choline among the Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas.Results show that the establelished method,used to determinate the content of ergothioneine,was high sensitivity,good repeatability and stability,and the mothed is suitable for the determination and analysis ergothioneine in fruiting body,and the method provides areliable method and meansto assess the quality of fruiting body.The content of tergothioneine in fruiting body is extremely low,tergothioneine mainly exists in spore powder.And there are large difference in the content of ergothioneine among the Ganoderma lingzhi from different areas.The HPLC fingerprint chromatography and content of nucleosides in fruiting body from different areas have obvious distinction,especially the fruiting body from Shan Dong has a larger difference from the other area.The content of choline in fruiting body and spore powder from different areas has obvious distinction,and the fruiting body and spore powder from Shan Dong has the highest content of choline.It is found that wild Ganoderma lingzhi has very significant differences in the content of polysaccharideWild Ganoderma lingzhi and cultivated Ganoderma lingzhi have obvious differences in many aspects,such as the content of polysaccharide,the kind of polysaccharide,the constitute of monosaccharide and free sugar alcohol.Besides,they also have the large differences content of triterpenoids,ergosterol,nucleosides.These differences suggest that the wild Ganoderma lingzhi and cultivated Ganoderma lingzhi have the different chemical foundation. |
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