Construction Of 3D Mesh Biochar Composites And Their Removal Of Ciprofloxacin And Lead Ions

With the development of industrialization,pollutants such as antibiotics and heavy metal ions in environmental water have brought harm to human health that cannot be ignored.The efficient removal of antibiotics and heavy metal ions in water has attracted widespread attention.In the real environment,antibiotics and heavy metal ions often coexist as compound pollution.Therefore,the development of materials that simultaneously remove antibiotics and heavy metal ions is a top priority.Biochar materials have great potential as novel functional adsorbents for the removal of antibiotics and heavy metal ions.Based on this,in this study,based on the biochar transformed from ginkgo biloba leaves,a new 3D network biochar-based composite was constructed by various methods such as morphology control and inorganic nanomaterial composite.The constructed materials were applied to the single adsorption and co-adsorption removal studies of ciprofloxacin(CIP)and lead ions(Pb²⁺)in water.The specific research is as follows:1.Using Ginkgo biloba leaf as biomass material,it was first activated and carbonized to obtain 3D mesh biochar(BC),and then the MoS₂ nanosheets modified by sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate(SDBS)were uniformly synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis.dispersed growth on the surface of biochar,and finally obtained the SDBS-MoS₂@BC composite.The physicochemical properties were characterized,SDBS-MoS₂@BC had a 3D network porous structure and exhibited a large specific surface area(975.9 m~2/g)and pore volume(0.710 cm~3/g),which could provide more adsorption sites and convenient mass transfer paths.The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms of SDBS-MoS₂@BC on CIP/Pb²⁺in single system and CIP?Pb²⁺binary system were investigated respectively.Both the single adsorption system of Pb²⁺/CIP and the binary adsorption system of CIP?Pb²⁺by SDBS-MoS₂@BC fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model.In the single adsorption system,SDBS-MoS₂@BC reached the adsorption equilibrium for CIP/Pb²⁺in 10 min/15 min,respectively,showing a fast adsorption rate(k CIP1=0.0081 g·mg^-1·min^-1,k _Pb1=0.0043 g·mg^-1·min^-1).The saturated adsorption capacities of SDBS-MoS₂@BC for CIP/Pb²⁺reached 331 mg/g and 257 mg/g,respectively,demonstrating the excellent adsorption capacity of SDBS-MoS₂@BC for CIP/Pb²⁺.In the binary adsorption system,SDBS-MoS₂@BC exhibited faster adsorption rates for Pb²⁺/CIP than the single adsorption system(k _CIP2=0.0178g·mg^-1·min^-1,k _Pb2=0.0045 g·mg^-1·min^-1).In addition,compared with the single adsorption system,the saturated adsorption capacity of SDBS-MoS₂@BC for CIP/Pb²⁺was also improved,reaching 393 mg/g and 321 mg/g,respectively.The effects of coexisting interfering substances in the environmental system on the adsorption performance of SDBS-MoS₂@BC and the stability of SDBS-MoS₂@BC were investigated.In the coexistence system of humic acid and various inorganic ions,the adsorption efficiency of SDBS-MoS₂@BC to CIP/Pb²⁺is almost unchanged,showing its excellent anti-interference ability.After 5 times of reuse,the adsorption efficiency of SDBS-MoS₂@BC to CIP/Pb²⁺did not decrease significantly,indicating that SDBS-MoS₂@BC has good stability.The single adsorption mechanism and CIP?Pb²⁺co-adsorption mechanism of SDBS-MoS₂@BC on CIP/Pb²⁺were studied and revealed.2.Using Ginkgo biloba leaves as biomass material,firstly carbonize it and simultaneously controllable doping of non-metallic elements N and S and control the morphology to prepare 3D network biochar material(N,S-BC),which is heated in its CoFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were loaded on the surface to prepare CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC magnetic adsorbents.The physicochemical properties of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC were characterized.The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherms of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC on CIP/Pb²⁺in single system and CIP?Pb²⁺binary system were investigated respectively.The single adsorption system of Pb²⁺/CIP and the binary adsorption system of CIP?Pb²⁺by CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC both conform to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model.In the single adsorption system,CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC reached adsorption equilibrium on CIP/Pb²⁺in 20 minutes and 15minutes,respectively,showing the faster adsorption rate of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC on CIP/Pb²⁺(k _CIP2=0.0052 g·mg^-1·min^-1,k _Pb2=0.0049 g·mg^-1·min^-1).The saturated adsorption capacities of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC for CIP/Pb²⁺reached 400 mg/g and 224mg/g,respectively,demonstrating the excellent adsorption capacity of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC for CIP/Pb²⁺.In the binary adsorption system,the adsorption rate constants k _CIP2 and k _Pb2 of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC for Pb²⁺/CIP were 0.0035 g·mg^-1·min^-1and k _Pb2=0.0051 g·mg^-1·min^-1,respectively.The saturated adsorption capacities of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC for Pb²⁺/CIP reached 393 mg/g and 321 mg/g,respectively.The effects of coexisting interferences in the environmental system on the adsorption performance of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC and the stability of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC were investigated.In the coexistence system of humic acid and various inorganic ions,the adsorption efficiency of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC on CIP/Pb²⁺is almost unchanged,showing its excellent anti-interference ability.After 5 times of reuse,CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC had no obvious effect on the adsorption efficiency of CIP/Pb²⁺,indicating that CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC has good stability.The single adsorption mechanism and CIP?Pb²⁺co-adsorption mechanism of CoFe₂O₄@N,S-BC on CIP/Pb²⁺were studied and revealed.