| Welding and cutting are the two basic processes for connecting and dividing materials in industry.Both are widely used in civil engineering,machinery and material processing fields.However,toxic and harmful smoke and dust particles are produced during the processing of the two,which is also the main reason that restricts the application and development of welding and cutting technology.Physical health poses a serious threat.This subject is based on actual engineering cases.The research objects are three different types of dust production workshops.The first one is a welding training workshop in a school.The dust production characteristics of the three welding processes in this workshop are tested separately.The air quality in the workshop was poor,so the workshop was proposed to improve the air quality in the workshop by renovating the enclosure structure of the workstation,optimizing the design of the ventilation system,and improving the welding fume treatment process;the second is the third underground floor of a commercial building The underground refrigeration machine room with high and large space features,because various units and pumps need to be connected through water pipes of different diameters in the early stage of the machine room,the connection between the equipment needs to be realized by welding technology,so the internal welding strength of the machine room is relatively strong,and the dust source control measures First,test the particle diffusion characteristics of the machine room under the welding intensity variable,and then design a reasonable airflow organization for the machine room.The specific measure is to increase the ventilation system.By testing and comparing the effect before and after the transformation,it can be seen that the particle concentration can be reduced by 700μg/m~3,and the dust removal efficiency can be improved.Up to 62%;the third is the two processing rooms on the second underground floor.Firstly,the dust generation characteristics of the devices in the two processing rooms under normal operation are tested separately.Because the CNC plasma cutting machine continues to perform cutting operations,the dust production is extremely high.Therefore,the air quality in the workshop is improved by isolating the dust source and blocking the transmission path.Finally,through control measures,the concentration of particulate matter can be reduced by 600μg/m~3,and the dust removal efficiency can reach more than 60%.Through separate tests on the above three welding workshops,after taking control measures,the air quality in the workshops has been significantly improved,but there is still some gap between the"standards".Therefore,the last personal protective measures have been taken,which comply with the people-oriented approach.The starting point is to directly protect the respiratory health of processing workers and other auxiliary workers.The test selects an electric mask that can provide breathing power,and a comparative experiment on this,the filter efficiency of the mask is as high as 90%,and the mask effect can be obtained.Obviously,it can be widely used by workers who have been working in the workshop with harsh environment for a long time.The above measures protect the health of the respiratory system of the workers.This subject uses specific experimental research to verify the comparison of dust source control applied to the three dust-producing places used in this study by solving practical engineering problems.The research results show that the adoption of measures to control the diffusion of smoke and dust has a positive effect on the smoke and dust particles at the processing station,and is of great significance to reduce the overall smoke and dust concentration of the processing workshop.This kind of method verifies the feasibility of applying specific engineering problems to various similar dust-producing places,and provides a certain reference basis for solving the problems of ventilation and dust removal in dust-producing workshops. |
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