| As the total amount of textile fiber processing goes up,the quantity of textile solid waste is also increasing year after year.In the textile solid waste,the recycling and regeneration of pure textile products is relatively easy,while the recycling and regeneration of blended products is more difficult.Among the blended products,polyester-cotton blended fabrics are the most common,and its quantity is more than half the rejected materia,causing a serious burden on the environment and excessive waste of resources.Therefore,it is particularly important to solve the recycling and reuse of waste polyester-cotton blended fabrics.The recycling of textiles can use chemical or physical methods.Among them,the physical opening method is one of the main methods of recycling waste textiles.It has the preponderance of simple craft,widely application,economical and environment-friengly,and scale production,but it damages fibers larger,the opening utilization rate is lower.In view of the issues above,this article uses glycerin and different types of silicone oil as the main raw materials,and uses high-shear homogeneous emulsification and phase inversion emulsification methods to prepare fabric pretreatment oil,and applies it to the fabric opening process to reduce fiber damage.Then,the obtained open regenerated fiber is used to prepare a waste-textiles non-woven-based hot-pressed materials using non-woven processing and hot-pressed reinforcement technology.The main research and ultimateness of this dissertation are as below:(1)Preparation and characterization of fabric pretreatment oilFor the problem of large fiber damage and lower utilization due to physical opening of waste textiles,in this paper,glycerin and different types of silicone oil are used as the main raw materials to prepare a composite emulsion by a combination of high shear mean homogeneous emulsification and phase inversion emulsification,which is referred to as fabric pretreatment oil for pretreatment before fiber opening.the simplex element test was applied to probe the influence of emulsification method,emulsifier dosage,emulsification time and shear rate on the dispersion and stability of the composite emulsion.Tests showed the dispersion effect of mechanical stirring is the worst,and the high-shear homogeneous emulsification effect is better.And within a certain range,with the extension of the emulsification time and the increase of the shear rate,the particle size of the composite emulsion decreases and the dispersion is better.When the ratio of the oil phase to the emulsifier is 3:1,the emulsification time is 15 min,When the shear speed is the third gear(11350 rpm),a composite emulsion with good stability and uniform dispersion can be obtained.(2)Study on preparation and properties of regenerated fibersIn order to explore the low-damage fiber opening process of waste polyester-cotton blended fabrics,a vertical press dyeing resin machine was used to pre-treat the three experimental samples(waste cotton fabric,polyester fabric and polyester-cotton fabric)and control the oiling rate.And then physical opening to obtain the opened regenerated fiber.By controlling the oiling rate of the fabric or fiber,The effect of oiling rate on the fabric surface morphology,the drawing force between the yarns,the surface morphology and friction properties of the fiber,and study on the length and mechanical capacities of the recovered fiber.The results showed that: the oiling rate increases,the oil content of the fabric surface increases,and a smooth oil film is gradually formed on the fiber surface,but too much oil is easy to form agglomeration on the fiber surface.The drawing force between yarns of different fabrics,fiber friction and coefficient of friction,and with the enhance of oiling rate,the mechanical capacties of recycled fibers all enlarged first and then decrease.Within a certain range,the average length of open regenerated fibers has increased.In addition,when the oiling rate of cotton fabric is5.0%,the oiling rate of polyester fabric is 0.4%,and the polyester-cotton blended fabric is 1.2%,the drawing force between the yarns of the obtained fabric is the smallest,and the length and mechanical properties of the opened regenerated fiber are better.(3)Study on the preparation,structure and performance of waste-textiles non-woven base hot-pressed materialsIn this paper,opening regenerated fiber is used as the main raw material,4080 bicomponent polyester fiber is a hot melt fiber.And non-woven processing is combined with hot-pressed reinforcement technology.Reinforcement and hot-pressed forming process to prepare waste-textiles non-woven-based hot-pressed material.Discuss and analyze the fiber composition,mixing ratio and hot-pressing temperature.The experiment showed that the prime and second elements impacting the waste-textiles non-woven-based hot-pressed material are fiber composition,mixing ratio,and hot-pressing temperature in order.When the waste-textiles nonwoven-based hot-pressed material does not contain an oil agent,the properties of the cotton/4080 fiber non-woven-based hot-pressed material resembled those of the polyester/cotton/4080 fiber non-woven-based hot-pressed material,and both are lower than the polyester/4080 fiber non-woven-based hot-pressed material.As the contents of 4080 bicomponent polyester fibers increased,the mechanical properties of composites can increase.And,as the hot-pressing temp increased,the properties of the hot-pressed materials are also strengthened in proportion.Otherwise add to oil has a greater impact on the mechanical properties of waste-textiles nonwoven-based hot-pressed material.The mechanical properties of the oil-containing cotton/4080 fiber non-woven-based hot-pressed material and the polyester/4080 fiber non-woven-based hot-pressed material are generally lower than those prepared without the oil agent.However,for polyester/cotton/4080 fiber non-woven-based hotpressed material,the addition of oil agent has heightened the properties to a certain extent,and the elongation at break of waste-textiles nonwoven-based hot-pressed materials containing oil agents is higher than that of recycled hot-pressed materials without oil agent. |
