Study On Quinoa Alleviating Diabetic Symptoms In Db/db Mice By Regulating Insulin Pathway And Changing Intestinal Microbiome

Diabetes is one of the most serious health problems to humans.There are more than 425 million people suffering with different degrees of diabetes and more than 90% of them have Type 2 diabetes(T2DM)around the world.Insulin resistance(IR)is one of the significant pathophysiological basis for the occurrence and development of T2 DM.Alleviating and improving IR has become a very powerful solution for preventing the occurrence and development of T2 DM.Quinoa is a fake grain that is originally grown in the Andes mountains and is very rich in proteins,dietary fibers,mineral elements,vitamins and other phytochemical elements.In addition,as a low fructose/glucose index food,quinoa may play a role in prevention and treatment of diabetes,hyperlipidemia and other chronic diseases.Furthermore,quinoa may have a positive effect on maintaining body health and enhancing physical fitness.In general,quinoa is a functional food for human health,physique enhancement and disease prevention.To better understand the nutritional value and functional effects of quinoa,,this master dissertation studied the effects of quinoa on various disease-related indexes of diabetic mice(db/db mice)in details by using the physiological,biochemical,molecular and genomic methods.The possible mechanisms of intestinal microflora change and insulin signaling pathway in diabetic mice were also discussed.First,by comparing 7week old C57BL/ KSJ-db/db mice with SPF wild-type C57BL/Ksj mice,we found that quinoa dietary reduced fasting blood glucose,body weight,lipid concentration,insulin level,HOMA-IR level,while improved insulin tolerance and glucose tolerance of db/db mice dramatically.Quinoa can significantly improve IR in diabetic mice.Second,quinoa intervention reduced the serum AST and ALT contents of db/db mice,significantly reduced the lipid deposition in liver tissue,while improved the liver adipose lesions,and the liver injury in db/db mice,comparing those in WT mice.Third,the intestinal flora structure of db/db mice changed after quinoa diet intervention,and the intestinal beneficial bacteria showed significant increasement.Fourth,quinoa dietary improved IR in db/db mice by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promoting GLUT4 membrane translocation in skeletal muscle of db/db mice;and therefore reduces lipid deposition in liver.In this study,we systematically studied the effects of quinoa diet on the improvement of diabetes-related physiological indexes in diabetic mice and its possible molecular mechanisms.This study proves that quinoa diet has certain health effects in prevention and treatment of such diseases.It provides scientific basis for the development and promotion of related products in the future.