Research On The Spatial Geometric Forming And Load Mechanism In The Cutting Process Of Gear Skiving

Gear skiving process is a gear cutting process based on the principle of spatial cross-axis helical gear meshing.It has the advantages of high precision and efficiency.Compared with the traditional gear processing technology,the gear skiving process is suitable for cutting new structural gears such as non-through teeth and compact stepped gears.Therefore,even though the principle has not been applied in the industry for a long time after being put forward,it is still concerned by the industry.In recent years,with the breakthrough of the new high-rigidity machine tool structure and material technology,numerical control technology,advanced tool material and coating technology,the gear skiving technology has been equipped with the conditions for industrial application.Due to the complex tool geometry and motive principle of the gear cutting process and too many processing parameters,the working angle and thickness of cutting layer are not constant during the cutting process,and the cutting load changes dynamically.The challenges of the above process characteristics to the gear tool wear and machine tool vibration are still severe).(Facing the above-mentioned problems,this paper studies the mechanism of gear forming geometry,and establishes the parameter equation of the cutting edge curve of the gear cutter based on the cylindrical helical gear.Then,according to the kinematics principle of the skiving process,precise numerical simulation calculations and three-dimensional visualization analysis of the skiving process geometry forming process,chip geometry,the working angle evolution law and the cutting load of cutting tool are carried out,in order to provide theoretical support for the optimization of skiving process.Firstly,the parameter mathematical model of the basic shovel wheel and rake face of the cutting tool is established,and the parameter equation of the cutting edge curve of the skiving tool is obtained based on the intersection of the spade wheel surface and the rake face;Then the kinematics model of the cutting tool and the gear workpiece is established according to the kinematics principle of gear skiving technology,and the surface clusters of the cutting edge of the gear cutter in the coordinate system of the gear workpiece is obtained with the method of homogeneous coordinate transformation,providing a theoretical model for the analysis of the geometric spatial forming mechanism of the gear skiving process.Secondly,according to the removal process of the machining materials,the geometric shape of the cutting chip formed in the cutting process of the skiving is obtained by numerical calculation method.The method of extracting the chip thickness along the normal direction of the tool path surface of the vehicle tooth blade is given.The influence of the feed amount of the process parameters and the cutting tool structure parameters on the chip thickness is analyzed.After that,based on the spatial forming model of the gear technology,the calculation formula of the working angle of the gear cutter is established based on the definition of the angle of the bevel cutting.The changing law of the working angle of the tool is revealed,and the influence of the structural parameters of the gear cutter on the change of the working angle is analyzed.Finally,based on the Kinezle cutting force calculation model and the idea of micro element approximation,a method for calculating the tooth process load based on the chip micro-element area is proposed in this paper,which reveals the dynamic characteristics of the cutting load of the gear cutting process,analyzes the influence of the process parameters and the structural parameters of the gear cutter on the cutting load.