Bonding Fastness Of Magnetron Sputtering Nanofilms With Different Fiber-based Substrates

Magnetron sputtering coating is a kind of physical vapor deposition(PVD)with prominent advantages,such as high deposition rate,little damage to substrate,high purity and uniform density of the sputtered film,large scale coating and uniform thickness.In the textile field,magnetron sputtering coating can achieve “dry” coating on fabric surface,endowing the textile with various special functions,and also “dry” coloring for textiles with the principle of structural color generated by thin film interference,reducing the water consumption and wastewater discharge pollution in the textile dyeing and finishing field,and promoting the sustainable development of the textile dyeing and finishing industry.However,it has been found in the production practice that the bonding fastness of different fiber-based substrate with magnetron sputtering films is quite different.For natural fiber-based textiles such as cotton and silk,the soaping fastness of magnetron sputtering films is poor,and even the whole film falls off,which greatly limits the application of magnetron sputtering technology in the textile field.Aiming at the bottleneck problem of poor bonding fastness between magnetron sputtering nanofilms and natural fiber substrates,this study focused on the following two aspects:(1)the reasons for the different binding fastness between textile substrates of different fibers and magnetron sputtering membranes and the research on the binding mechanism.Three typical fiber materials(polyester,cotton and silk)were used as the substrate materials.Nano-metal copper films were deposited on the fabric by direct current(DC)magnetron sputtering coating technology.The effects of the initial moisture content of the fabric and the surface modification of low-temperature oxygen plasma on the rubbing and soaping fastness of magnetron sputtering coating textiles were studied.The internal causes and bonding mechanism of different fiber-based textiles with magnetron sputtering nano-copper films were studied by SEM and EDS analysis combined with physical and chemical properties of fiber materials and magnetron sputtering coating theory.(2)Preliminary study on improving the binding stability of natural fiber textiles with magnetron sputtering nanofilms.The combination stability of natural fiber textiles such as cotton and silk with magnetron sputtering nanofilm was improved by “additive” modification on the surface of fabric.The effects of surface modification conditions and the different modifiers on the fastness of coated fabric were studied.The effects of different modifiers on the properties of magnetron sputtering coated fabric were comprehensively compared,the modification conditions and the type and content of modifier were optimized.The results show that :(1)the initial moisture content of fiber is not the main reason for the difference fastness of the magnetron sputtering coating textiles;(2)low temperature oxygen plasma surface pretreatment is not only beneficial to improve the efficiency of magnetron sputtering coating,but also beneficial to improve the binding fastness of polyester fabric with magnetron sputtering coating,but cannot improve the binding fastness of silk and cotton fabric with magnetron sputtering coating.With the increase of low temperature oxygen plasma surface treatment power,the binding force of silk and cotton fabric and magnetron sputtering nanofilms was further weakened.(3)The difference of fiber properties is the fundamental reason for the different fastness of different fibers to magnetron sputtering textiles: There is softening point in the thermoplastic polyester fiber.When magnetron sputtering high-energy particles are deposited on the surface of the fibers,the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy to make the polyester fibers locally reach softening points and bond the sputtering particles.However,Cotton and silk have no softening point,fiber has no melt bonding effect on magnetron sputtering particles.Meanwhile,cotton and silk have high hygroscopic swelling property,the invasion of water molecules in the process of soaping weakens the force between fiber and nano particles,resulting in the magnetron sputtering film easy to fall off.(4)The bonding stability of silk,cotton and other natural fiber textile substrates with magnetron sputtering nanofilms can be improved to some extent by “additive” modification of fabric surface,and it has a little effect of the hand feeling and whiteness of the fabric.The optimized modification methods were as follows: dipping and rolling method was used for modification,one dipping and rolling,rolling liquid rate was 80～90 %,the drying temperature was 100 °C,the baking temperature was 140 °C,and the baking time was 1min.The dosage of modifier varied with modifier varieties.Due to the different binding ability and receiving activity of different modifiers on magnetron sputtering nanoparticles,modification effects of modifiers are also different.Under the optimized modification conditions,the modification effect of modifiers is in the following order: modifier-LT > modifier-LE > modifierLW > modifier-LC > unmodified fabric.For the modifier LT with the most significant modification effect,the optimized modification concentrations of cotton and silk fabrics were 60 g/L and(60g/L+5 g/L Strengthening agent),respectively.After modification,the soaping fastness of magnetron sputtering films on cotton and silk fiber substrates increased from grade 0 to grade 5,with little influence on the hand-feeling and whiteness of the fabric.