Selection Of Melon Germplasm Suitable For Freeze-dried Crispy Slices Processing And Genetic Analysis Of Related Genes

In this study,freeze-dried crispy slices made from 4 local Xinjiang melon varieties were used as the research object.The quality of crispy slices made from different varieties of melons was analyzed from the aspects of physicochemical indexes and sensory,and the melon varieties suitable for making freeze-dried crisp slices were selected.At the same time,the main factors that affect the quality of freeze-dried crispy slices are obtained,and genetic analysis is carried out on them,in order to provide a certain theoretical basis for the selection of raw materials for freeze-dried melon crispy slices,variety distinction and breeding of melon.Below are key research findings:(1)Taking freeze-dried melon crispy slices made from four melon varieties as the research object,the physicochemical indexes of the samples such as total sugar,total acid,hardness were tested.Based on principal component analysis and other methods,the total sugar content,cohesiveness,and b^*were screened out as the core indicators that affect the quality of freeze-dried crisp chips,and the weight coefficients were 0.43,0.24,and 0.33.On this basis,an evaluation model was established.According to the evaluation model,the scores and ranking of samples were calculated as Xizhoumi No.17,Jigandong,86-1,Bailangua.(2)The sensory evaluation data of freeze-dried crisp slices is accurate by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The corresponding varieties of fuzzy sensory evaluation from high to low were86-1,Jigandong,Xizhoumi No.17,and Bailangua.According to the analysis of the two evaluation results,86-1 and Jigandong are suitable varieties for making freeze-dried crispy slices.Bailangua is not suitable varieties for making freeze-dried crispy slices.The freeze-dried crispy slices made by Xizhoumi No.17 are suitable for the sweet-loving consumer.(3)Through correlation analysis,it can be seen that the color of freeze-dried slices of melon was significantly positively correlated with the fresh color of melon.In order to study the inheritance of flesh color traits in melon,BC₁ population was developed from a cross between‘Quaker Baire'(green fleshed)and‘Xizhoumi'(orange fleshed),and F₂ population was developed from a cross between‘Quaker Baire'and‘Queen'(orange fleshed).We obtained that flesh color was regulated by two genes in the melon cultivars mentioned above.The gf controlling orange flesh is dominant epistatic to wf controlling white and green flesh,and green is recessive to white.The corresponding polymorphic molecular markers were developed at the same time:molecular markers SSR2021 and SSR2103 were tightly linked to gf;molecular markers SSR2956 and SSR2980 were tightly linked to wf.They could be used to distinguish orange-fleshed,white-fleshed and green-fleshed melon.(4)The correlation analysis shows that there was a significant positive correlation between the total sugar content of freeze-dried slices of melon and the total sugar content of fresh melon.In order to study the inheritance of sugar-content traits in melon,BC₁ population was developed from a cross between'No.9'and'Huangpi melon'.The result showed that sugar-content traits exhibited quantitative traits.According to the correlation analysis,the sugar content of fruit was significantly negatively correlated with the length of fruit,positively correlated with the width of fruit,and negatively correlated with the fruit shape index,but not with weight.In conclusion,there is a close correlation between sugar content and fruit shape of melon fruit.In the breeding process,the sugar content could be determined by the fruit shape and other indicators.