Fabrication And Properties Of Bionic Functionalized Superlyophobic Surfaces

Superlyophobic surfaces,such as superhydrophobic surface,slippery surface and superamphiphobic surface,have a wide range of application prospects in the field of anti-fouling,self-cleaning,anti-icing,anti-corrosion,micro-fluid manipulation,crude oil transportation,oil-water separation and water collection due to its unique antiwetting properties.Superlyophobic surfaces have also attracted much attention of researchers.Inspired by the anti-wetting behavior of animals and plants in nature,such as lotus,rice leaves,nepenthes and springtail,a variety of bionic methods have been put forward for fabricating superlyophobic surfaces.However,the construction of intelligent responsive bionic superlyophobic surface is still insufficient.Most of the reported superlyophobic surfaces shows shortcomings during its preparation processes,such as high costs,complicated fabrication procedure.To a large extent,the large-scale production and commercialization of superlyophobic surfaces have been limited by its shortcomings.In addition,the high dependence of superlyophobic surfaces on porous structures and detailed chamfered structures led to the antiwetting performance of the surface being extremely susceptible to its mechanical and chemical stability.Therefore,reducing the cost of raw materials,simplifying the preparation process,improving the service life of superlyophobic surfaces and endowing these surfaces with intelligent responsiveness are of great significance for expanding the application of bionic superlyophobic surfaces.Based on in-depth research of literatures,the present thesis aims at solving the problems and challenges in design,preparation and application of functionalized superlyophobic materials.From the perspective of bionics,multi-level bionics have been realized by designing special structures,controlling chemical composition of surfaces.A variety of multifunction superlyophobic materials,such as slippery surfaces,intelligent responsive slippery materials,and durable superamphiphobic materials are prepared.Furthermore,the chemical composition,micro-structure,practical applications and economic value of these prepared surfaces are systematically analyzed and explored.The overall research content can be summarized into the following three aspects:(1)Based on the sol-gel method,a kind of sol was formed by hydrolysis of silica nanoparticles and three silanes(TEOS,VTES,and POTS).Taking the spin-coating process,the sol was coated on various substrates such as glass,PET film,copper sheet and silicon wafer.After the sol was solidified,a series of slippery surfaces were prepared by infusing perfluoropolyether lubricant onto the substrates.The slipping ability of water droplets and various organic droplets on the surface was studied.Moreover,the anti-refractive properties,anti-icing,anti-corrosion,and self-cleaning properties of slippery materials prepared from different substrates were investigated respectively,and the internal mechanisms corresponding to each property were revealed.In addition,the UV-curing adhesive was used as the adhesive to improve the adhesion between the coating and substrate.Tests such as blade scratches,tape peeling,and sandpaper sanding demonstrated that the slippery surfaces had outstanding mechanical durability and chemical stability.(2)Biomimetic preparation of the porous structure,super-lyophobic and low adhesion properties of Nepenthes.Carbon nanotubes fiber(CNTs)and hydroxyapatite long fibers(HAPNWs)synthesized by high hydrothermal method were thoroughly mixed and vacuum filtered.After these procedures a thin film(HAPNWs @ CNTs)was formed,and a slippery surface was obtained when poured paraffin into the film.According to the photothermal effect of CNTs,near-infrared light(808nm)was used to irradiate HAPNWs @ CNTs film,achieving the intelligent transition of surface wettability from hydrophobic to slippery.A mask with the shape of "S","Y",etc.was added between the near-infrared light and the film to successfully prepare patterned slippery surfaces.Hence,the directional movement of various types of droplets on the patterned orbit were realized.Furthermore,the effects of different light intensity and dosage of paraffin on the intelligent transition time of surface wettability were studied.Last,the applications of the patterned slippery surfaces in the fields of liquid-oriented transportation and microreactors were explored.(3)Using micro / nano composite silica particles as raw materials,supplementing with triaminopropyltriethoxysilane(APS),perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane(PFOS)to modify these particles,superamphiphobic surfaces were constructed on various soft and hard substrates by dip-coating and spray-coating method.Poly(vinylidene fluoridehexafluoropropylene)(PVDF-HFP)was used to improve the adhesion between superamphiphobic coating and substrate as well as reducing surface energy of the coating.The morphology of the superamphiphobic surfaces were observed by SEM and three-dimensional non-contact profilometer.The chemical compositions of the fluorination particles were analyzed by using XPS,EDS,FTIR.Moreover,the universality,anti-fouling and self-cleaning performances,and environmental resistance of the superamphiphobic coating were systematically investigated.The motion of dynamic water droplets and oil droplets on the surface were studied,which extended the application of superamphiphobic surfaces in the field of fluid non-destructive transportation.