Investigation On Preparation And Interface Properties Of Carbon-based Fabric Materials

Carbon nanofiber materials have a property of light weight and good flexibility,which are widely used in the fields of water treatment,biomedicine and energy storage.First of all,current adsorbent materials have problems such as poor adsorption performance and narrow adsorption range.Therefore,it is of great significance to study new adsorbent materials with high adsorption performance,high safety,and non-targeted properties.In addition,with the development of portable and wearable smart electronic devices,flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors have become an important choice for flexible power supplies in the future because of their fast charge,discharge speed and environmental friendliness.However,problems such as low energy density and small voltage window are still retained.Therefore,it is imperative to develop high-voltage windows,high-performance all-solid-state supercapacitor with excellent flexibility.First,graphene nanosheet/carbon nanofiber non-woven fabric(GCNFs)with high specific surface area and multiple pore size distribution was prepared by Coaxial electrospinning and heat treatment technology.In a liquid environment,the mesoporous and macroporous structure of the non-woven fabric provides attachment points for adsorbate molecules.when the graphene nanosheets were added with 2 wt%,the adsorption capacity of 1 mg m L^-1bovine serum albumin was 42.9 mg g^-1after 24 h dynamic adsorption.Besides,the adsorption capacity of 1 mg m L^-1ovalbumin was 24.9mg g^-1after 24 h static adsorption.Secondly,Al-CMC/PVA gel electrolyte was synthesized with the polymer matrix of polyacrylonitrile(PVA)and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)by freeze-thaw cycles and ion cross-linking.The evaporation of water molecules is suppressed by the double network structure of the gel electrolyte,and it bind the polymer molecules through the hydroxyl group.Al-CMC/PVA gel was prepared with high water retention,and the ionic conductivity of it can still reach 0.109 S cm^-1after two weeks at room temperature.The flexible all-solid-state supercapacitor(FSC)was obtained with the electrode of GCNFs ans the electrolyte of Al-CMC/PVA.The high-quality specific capacitance of FSC was66.7 F g^-1at a current density of 1 A g^-1.Finally,activated carbon cloth(ACC)was obtained with cotton fabric by heat treatment and acid activation,and then nickel hydroxide was directly loaded on the ACC by electrodeposition.ACC has more oxygen-containing functional groups and its high conductivity is beneficial to the loading of nickel hydroxide nanosheets.At the same time,nickel hydroxide can provide enormous pseudocapacitance.Flexible asymmetric supercapacitor(AFSC)was assembled by the electrodes of Ni(OH)₂/ACC,ACC,and the Al-CMC/PVA gel as electrolyte,respectively.The AFSC device has an extended operating voltage of 2.2 V,which is higher than the operating voltage of ACC-based symmetrical flexible supercapacitors(greater than 2.1 V).It is worth noting that the obtained AFSC device can provide a high energy density of 42.1 Wh kg^-1(the power density of 1050 W kg^-1).Besides,it has excellent mechanical flexibility under different bending angles.This high-performance flexible AFSC device is expected to be used as a power source for next-generation portable and wearable electronic devices.