Protective Effect Of Camel Milk On Dextran Sodium Sulfate-induced Colitis In Mice

In the 21 st century,inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)has become a global disease,and the global incidence is still rising.In recent years,more and more people like to find and use natural foods to prevent or repair colitis.Camel milk(CM)has a variety of biologically active ingredients,has various functions such as anti-inflammatory,promoting immunity,and maintaining the steady-state of intestinal flora,and plays an important role in intestinal protection.Therefore,this study aims to explore the protective effect of CM on dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis in mice,and preliminarily study the possible mechanism of action,laying a theoretical foundation for the further development of camel milk health products to prevent colitis.The research content of the paper is as follows:In this study,C57BL/6 mice were used as experimental subjects to establish an acute animal colitis model by freely drinking 2.5% DSS water for 7 days.The weight change,colon length,disease activity index,myeloperoxidase activity,and histopathological score were used to evaluate the alleviating effect of CM on colitis mice.The result show that CM has a protective effect on mice with DSS-induced colitis,can significantly alleviate the symptoms of weight loss and colon shortening,reduce disease activity index,inhibit myeloperoxidase activity,and relieve colon tissue damage.Secondly,explore the role and mechanism of CM intervention in colitis from the aspects of intestinal barrier and inflammatory response.The content and m RNA level of inflammatory cytokines(IL-6,IL-1? and IL-10)were detected by ELISA and Quantitative Real-time PCR,the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells was detected by TUNEL method,Immunohistochemical analysis of the expression levels of intestinal epithelial tight junction proteins Claudin-1,Occludin,and ZO-1.Western blot experiment to detect the protein expression of TLR4,TAK1,and NF-?B.The result showed that CM can regulate the level of inflammatory cytokines,inhibit intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis,and up-regulate the expression of Claudin-1,Occludin,and ZO-1 proteins,thereby alleviating intestinal inflammation and protecting the intestinal barrier.In terms of mechanism,CM may inhibit the activation of NF-?B by down-regulating the expression of TLR4 and TAK1 proteins.Finally,by measuring the microbial diversity and short-chain fatty acid content of mouse feces,the influence of camel milk on the intestinal flora was explored.High-throughput sequencing analysis was used to determine the changes of intestinal flora in colitis mice.The result showed that the microbial diversity decreased and the composition changed after DSS induction;while CM can regulate the intestinal flora,increase g?norank?f?Muribaculaceae,Lachnospiraceae?NK4A136?group,and other beneficial bacteria at the genus level,and inhibit harmful bacteria such as Bacteroides and Escherichia-shigella.Subsequently,the content of short-chain fatty acids in the stool was analyzed by GC-MS,and it was found that CM can significantly increase the content of acetic acid,butyric acid,and propionic acid,and maintain the steady-state of the intestinal microenvironment.In conclusion,Camel milk has a preventive effect in DSS-induced colitis in mice,which can regulate intestinal flora,increase the production of short-chain fatty acids,protect the intestinal barrier and inhibit the inflammatory response.