| In recent years,China's storage of rice stocks increased,not only caused a waste of resources,but also caused huge pressure to the national grain reserves.How to use stockpiled rice reasonably and provide technical approaches for rice destocking has become an urgent problem to be solved.In this study,samples of brown rice were collected from central reserve grain depots in Heilongjiang,Anhui and Hunan in different storage years,and the composition of nutriment and harmful ingredient content of brown rice were determined after husking.On this basis,the pig as the experimental animal models,the selection of representative brown rice samples using the terminal ileum T fistula method determination of ileal amino acid digestibility,the digestible energy and metabolizable energy were determined by total fecal collection and urine method,by feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of stored brown rice on growth performance,blood biochemical indexes,antioxidant,immune functions,enzyme activities in small intestine,carcass traits and meat quality.The specific conclusions are as follows:Japonica brown rice from Heilongjiang grain depot,middle-late indica brown rice from Anhui and early indica brown rice from Hunan grain depot had stable contents of conventional nutrients and good balance of amino acids.Heilongjiang province for 4 years,grain stored two years in Anhui and Hunan grain storage of more than 3 years of brown rice fatty acid value is slightly higher than fresh brown rice.The mycotoxin content of brown rice in grain depots of Heilongjiang and Hunan was relatively stable,while the mycotoxin content of brown rice in grain depots of Anhui with longer storage time was slightly higher than fresh brown rice,but all of them were lower than the limit of relevant regulations.Compared with the commonly used energy raw material corn,four brown rice(inventory of brown rice in Heilongjiang province,the new harvest brown rice,Anhui inventory of brown rice,the new harvest brown rice)digestive energy,metabolism energy and amino acid digestibility increased significantly,while the digestible energy,metabolizable energy and amino acid digestibility of brown rice from storage rice and newly harvested rice were not significantly different between Heilongjiang and Anhui provinces.The digestible energy and metabolizable energy of corn growing pigs were 14.57 and 14.35MJ/kg,respectively,and the mean digestible energy and metabolizable energy of brown rice from four stock rice were 14.88 and 14.70MJ/kg,respectively.There were no significant differences in growth performance,tissue and organ index,serum biochemical and antioxidant indexes between weaned piglets in corn group and two brown rice groups(Heilongjiang stock brown rice and newly harvested brown rice),only the serum immunoglobulin IgG content in brown rice groups was significantly lower than that in corn group.The inventory of brown rice group pigs duodenal lipase,j ejunum trypsin and chymotrypsin activity,small intestine lactase and maltase and sucrase activity was significantly lower than that of corn,and compared to newly harvested brown rice,the lactase activity in duodenum and Ileal lactase of pigs in the brown rice group was significantly decreased.These results indicated that the substitution of brown rice for corn had certain effects on the activities of intestinal lipase,protease and disaccharidase of the body,and it was also an important factor to evaluate the feeding effect of stored brown rice.In addition,the application of stored brown rice to finishing pigs had no significant effect on carcass traits and meat quality.In conclusion,test results show that Heilongjiang,Anhui and Hunan inventory rice fatty acid value of brown rice grain and mycotoxins content is higher than the new harvest rice,but its main nutrient content changes small,amino acid digestibility and effective value is higher,less effect on the physiological and metabolic indexes,alternative corn made good feeding effect. |
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