Effect Of Astaxanthin On Intestinal Inflammation And Construction Of Astaxanthin System In Extracellular Vesicles Of Broccoli

The intestine is the human body's largest immune organ.A healthy intestine maintains a constant homeostasis by properly regulating foreign antigens.Once the balance is broken,it may lead to enteritis,obesity,cardiovascular disease,cancer and other pathological conditions.The special molecular structure of astaxanthin enables it to pass through the cell barrier,and then can control intestinal-related diseases through a variety of biological applications.In this study,an animal model of inductive enteritis-related colon cancer was established by using azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate to explore the mechanism of astaxanthin in inhibiting intestinal inflammation and the formation of inflammatory bowel cancer to enhance intestinal immunity.In view of the fact that astaxanthin is difficult to dissolve and unstable during the experiment,we tried to use broccoli extracellular vesicles,a new and more biocompatible component,as a delivery vehicle for astaxanthin to solve shrimp Problems such as low bioavailability of penicillin and insufficient development and application of plant extracellular vesicles(1)The inhibitory effect of astaxanthin on intestinal inflammation in AOM/DSS model mice.Using SPF-grade female C57BL/6 mice as the model objects,an animal model of inductive enteritis-related colon cancer was established through AOM and DSS,and 50,100,and 200 mg/kg astaxanthin were intragastrically administered.Intervene to detect colon morphology,histopathology,inflammation-related signal pathway proteins and serum inflammatory factors.The results showed that the administration of astaxanthin reduced the epipathological symptoms caused by intestinal inflammation in mice,the degree of lymphocyte infiltration was also reduced,and the expression of Ki67,an indicator of cell proliferation,was also reduced,and the occurrence of colon tumors was reduced..Western blotting results showed that the phosphorylation levels of MEK,ERK,JNK proteins and the key immunoregulatory factor NF-?B p65 in the MAPK signaling pathway of mouse colon tissue decreased significantly after astaxanthin treatment.ELISA results showed that the expression of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6,IL-1? and TNF-? in the serum of mice after astaxanthin treatment was also inhibited.(2)Construction of astaxanthin system in broccoli-derived nanoparticles.Firstly,the broccoli-derived nanoparticles were successfully separated by low-temperature differential centrifugation followed by ultracentrifugation.Through transmission electron microscopy and Malvern particle analyzer detection,it was found that the broccoli-derived nanoparticles had an average particle size of 155.33±0.32 nm,ZETA Capsule-like structure with a potential of-10.92±2.32 mV.Proteomics and lipidomics analysis revealed that a variety of proteins and lipids in the broccoli-derived nanoparticles may participate in the formation of cytoskeleton and membrane transport,and play an important role in cell physiological metabolism and signal transduction.The results of in vitro cell anti-inflammatory experiments showed that broccoli extracellular vesicles can regulate the expression of nitric oxide synthase in RAW 264.7 cells,reduce the production of nitric oxide,and can also inhibit the pro-inflammatory factors IL-6,IL-1?,The release of TNF-? has good anti-inflammatory activity.Broccoli-derived nanoparticles contained astaxanthin nanoparticles were successfully prepared by emulsifying solvent evaporation and water bath ultrasound.The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading were 76.6±2.19%and 6.51±0.23%measured by UV spectrophotometry.Malvern particle analyzer detected that its average particle size was 202.1±15.52 nm and ZETA potential was-10.40±0.80 mV.The preliminary stability test results showed that broccoli-derived nanoparticles contained astaxanthin nanoparticles maintained good stability when placed in PBS at 4? for 14 days.This research provides a new method to solve the problems of astaxanthin insoluble and poor stability,and provides a new idea for the full use of ingredients in natural food materials.Broccoli-derived nanoparticles,as a natural functional delivery vehicle with targeting and permeability,are expected to become an effective tool to improve the bioavailability of astaxanthin.