Optimization Design Of Self-recovering Automobile Energy-absorbing Filling Structure Imitated Beetle Elytra

According to the National Bureau of Statistics,China's car ownership in 2020 was281 million,an increase of 8.1 percent from 2019.The continuous rise of car ownership reflects the continuous improvement of our national living standard.However,in the case of traffic accidents,how to better protect the safety of the occupants becomes more and more important.Therefore,in the process of vehicle design,how to scientifically optimize the key energy absorbing structure and components has become the focus of research in the field of vehicle collision.In this paper,the mechanical properties of the internal filling structure of the energy absorption box,the key energy absorption component of the automobile,are studied.The bionic design and multi-objective optimization of the structure are carried out with specific energy absorption and peak load as the optimization objectives,so as to realize the performance improvement of the energy absorption box in the case of frontal collision.In terms of structural bionic design,based on the similarity principle,this paper takes the beetle's elytra as the bionic object,imitates the morphology of its internal cylindrical fiber clusters to design the internal filling structure of the energy absorbing box(bionic lattice structure),and gets an IBE structure with excellent energy absorbing buffer performance.IBE structure has low crushing force efficiency in effective stroke,good and stable deformation mode,and excellent impact resistance and shape recovery characteristics.In order to find more excellent structural parameters,the IBE structure was redesigned by means of solid test and finite element simulation.Finally,the optimal structural parameters were obtained by multi-objective optimization method.In terms of energy absorbing materials,NiTi alloy material is creatively applied to the automotive energy absorbing field,making the energy absorbing structure with shape memory recovery characteristics.In this paper,selective laser melting(SLM)technology and Ni_50.8Ti_49.2 alloy powder material were used to prepare samples.The high strength,high elasticity and shape memory effect of Ni_50.8Ti_49.2 alloy were studied by cyclic tensile test and water bath heating test.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observation,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)technology and material mechanics test were used to examine the printing quality,metal phase transition temperature and mechanical parameters of Ni_50.8Ti_49.2 alloy material.According to the inspection results,the related printing parameters of material preparation were determined.In this paper,SEM and other observation methods were used to simulate the lightweight and high-strength fiber beam structure in the beetle elytra structure,and a self-recovery automotive energy absorption box interior filled lattice structure was established to simulate the beetle elytra structure,and the optimal structural parameters were obtained by multi-objective optimization design method.The energy absorption(SEA)of the optimized structure is increased by 1.27%and the peak load force(F_max)is reduced by 4.34%.The aim is to provide a reference design idea and scheme for the further development of passive safety field in the future.