Study On Antagonistic Effect Of The Hot Pepper Stalk On Root Knot Nematode And Its Bioenhancement Technology

Root-knot nematodes are a multi-channel,hard-to-treat soil-borne disease that seriously threatens the production of facility vegetables.The use of organic materials for prevention and control is not only low cost,but also helps to improve the agro-ecological environment.It is currently a research hotspot.In this study,pepper stalk,pepper stalk-chicken manure combined compost product was used to antagonize root-knot nematode raw materials,and the nematode 24 h mortality,plant growth and root number were used as evaluation indexes,and the control effect of root-knot nematode was carried out.The antagonism of the antagonism of pepper stalks to root-knot nematodes under different treatments and different fermentation time.The main findings and conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)According to the results of acute toxicity test in laboratory,the mortality of second instar root knot nematode was 4%>5%>3%>2%>1%>0.5%.The above ground dry weight of plant height,stem diameter and leaf area were reduced by 29.01%,17.31%,19.35%and 23.07%,respectively,after inoculation with J2 with pepper straw.The fresh weight of underground root system was lower than that of CK in both treatments with pepper straw,indicating that the direct use of pepper straw was not conducive to the growth of plant root system.In terms of the number of root nodules,the number of root nodules added by pepper straw and CK straw were 27.31 and 33.62 respectively.It can be seen that the direct application of pepper straw has certain nematode control effect.(2)Add chicken with pepper straw composting fermentation,the temperature than pepper straw compost alone above 50? for 2 d,1 d,more than 60? respectively for 5 d,4 d,and in the middle of the compost with transient temperature recover.The results showed that the addition of chicken manure in the compost of pepper straw could shorten the time for the heap body to enter the high temperature period and accelerate the decay of the heap body.GI and C/N ratio were used to detect compost maturity,and it was found that compost could improve the GI value of materials.At the end of composting,GI values reached 95.71%,119.16%,and 151.75%,respectively,all meeting the requirements of maturity,among which VT agent was the best treatment.In the process of composting,C/N in A2 and A3 treatment decreased faster than that in the earlier stage,and finally reached 10.86,meeting the requirements of rot and ripening.The C/N ratio of pepper straw composting alone did not change before and after.The killing effect of organic material is lower than that before fermentation.At the end of fermentation,the mortality of nematode was only 50.01%,56.35%and 52.25%,which were 20.61%,15.15%and 18.69%lower than that before fermentation,respectively.The fatality rate of nematodes in A2 treatment reached the maximum value of 75.46%on the 5th day of composting,reached a peak of 69.96%on the 3rd day of A3 treatment,and reached the maximum mortality of 76.62%on the 20th day.In order to develop the killing function of pepper straw quickly and safely,the compost products with A2 fermentation for 5 days and A3 fermentation for 3 days were screened.(3)three days of combined fermentation of pepper straw and chicken manure,the application amount of 4%concentration and 5%concentration,the dry matter accumulation of overground was 54.3%and 51.5%higher than that of the control,and 82.9%and 81.8%higher than that of the application of pepper stalk compost,respectively.The difference was significant.The biomass of overground also had different degrees of promoting effect,and the differences in various indicators between the two concentrations were not significant.The number of root nodes of 5-A2 was 47.6%less than that of CK.Combined with plant growth indexes,3-A3-4%concentration has a better effect on plant growth.In terms of the number of root knots,each treatment still showed that 3-A3-5%<3-A3-4%<5-A2-5%<pepper straw<CK,and the number of 3-A3-5%root knots was 28.7%less than that of 3-A3-4%root knots,indicating that in soil,high concentration had better control effect.In conclusion,the pepper straw and chicken manure were added with 5%VT bacteria 1:1 for high-temperature aerobic compost for 3 days,and then added into the seedling substrate according to the 5%concentration,which could not only prevent tomato root knot nematode disease,but also improve the utilization rate of pepper straw and improve the ecological environment of the producing area.