Inversion Based Surface-related Multiple Elimination

There are three kinds of methods to suppress multiple waves: direct filtering method based on the separability of effective wave and multiple wave,prediction subtraction method based on wave theory and full wave field inversion method.The direct filtering method is usually suitable for the seismic data with relatively simple underground structure.However,in the area with complex underground structure,the filtering method will fail because it does not meet its assumptions,so the prediction subtraction method is needed.The most typical prediction subtraction method is SRME(surface related multiple elimination).SRME method has a high requirement for seismic data.It uses the convolution operation of seismic data in the space-time domain to realize the prediction of multiple waves,and adaptively subtracts the predicted multiple waves based on the principle of minimum energy.However,in the actual process of seismic data processing,this method is not fully applicable,there are incomplete suppression of multiple waves,or damage of primary waves.EPSI(estimation of primaries by sparse inversion)is an iterative method based on full wave field inversion.By estimating the underground pulse response and reconstructing the primary and multiple waves from the source wavelet,this method overcomes the problems of the damage to the primary wave existing in the prediction subtraction method.However,the EPSI method characterizes the seismic data as a function of source wavelet and underground reflected wave field,and the inversion process is not stable.In view of the problems of the SRME method and the EPSI method,this paper introduces the CL-SRME(Closed-loop Surface-related multiple elimination,closed-loop surface-related multiple elimination)method,which characterizes the seismic data as a surface operator and a primary wave The function of the field combines the advantages of the SRME method and the EPSI method.The full wave field inversion is used to directly estimate the primary and multiple waves.The calculation process is stable,and the method can be solved without the least square constraint.No precise underground information is required.We introduced the theory systematically and verified the method using simulation and actual data.