Research On Vibration Minimally In Vasive Bone Processing Technology For Joint Replacement

Artificial joint replacement surgery is an important means to solve joint dysplasia and joint disease.The current common equipment for bone and joint replacement includes oscillating saw,osteotome and acetabulum.The oscillating saw is used to process the bone plane during operation,and the operation is light and the processing efficiency is high.However,in the osteotomy operation,the temperature rises greatly,and it is easy to cause damage to the bone and surrounding tissues.The osteotome and acetabulum are applied to the acetabular formation,both of which are manual operations,which are highly dependent on the technique and have poor molding effects.Therefore,it is necessary to research and develop a low-temperature minimally invasive bone processing equipment that is more convenient to apply,and to improve the equipment or scheme for the acetabular forming problem.In this paper,the problems of planar osteotomy temperature and acetabular formation were studied.The main results were as follows: tool selection,improvement of new osteotomy program,development of spherical osteotomy equipment,etc.1.Design the osteotomy experimental platform,use the commercially available orthopedic oscillating saw to perform the bone-cutting experiment,and study the variation law of force and temperature during the cutting process.It is believed that the negative cutting angle and high cutting speed of the slanting saw are the main reasons for its high temperature rise..2.Using the positive rake angle tool and the low-speed vibration cutting osteotomy scheme,the verification experiment platform was built.The feed rate,cutting speed and vibration frequency were used as variables to study the variation of cutting force and temperature,and the cutting was collected.Bone scraps.The experimental results show that the cutting temperature is lower at low speed cutting,which is more than 40% lower than the cutting temperature of the oscillating saw;the introduction of the vibration cutting mechanism also achieves the purpose of cooling,at the excitation frequency of 49 Hz and the feed rate of 4 mm/min.When the spindle speed is 40 rpm,the bone cutting temperature is 53 °C,which can reduce the number of bone cell necrosis;the new method has significantly larger bone size than the saw blade bone,indicating that the new scheme has low energy consumption characteristics.3.Developed a vibrating spherical saw for acetabular processing of hip replacement,which realizes the envelope of the acetabulum through the feeding and rotation of the saw blade,while avoiding the overall large-scale movement of the tool and the driving device during use.Ensure that the tool rotation center does not change.The saw blade feeding mechanism adopts a worm gear worm form,and the curved saw blade is used as a worm wheel,and the feeding motion is completed along the spherical guide rail.The ball was interviewed on the rotary torsional vibration test platform,and the feasibility of the motion scheme was confirmed.The spherical forming error was less than 1 mm.