Effect Of Radiation On Epigenetic Traits Of Plants And Expression Of Anthocyanins Ralated Genes

Radiation mutagenesis can damage the genetic material of crops,affect plant molecular level,apparent traits,cytological effects and compound content changes,and then affect the growth and development of plants.Anthocyanins are a kind of flavonoids comlounds found in plant vacuoles,which are important metabolites and coloring substances in plants,and have wide application value in medicine,chemical industry,food and so on.Therefore,the study of the effect of radiation mutagenesis on plant apparent traits and anthocyanins gene is a meaningful scientific problem.Antirrhinum majus and red maize are often used as model plants for the study of anthocyanins.This paper takes these two plants as research objects,proton radiation and space mutagenesis were used to treat Antirrhinum majus seeds,¹²C⁶⁺radiation was used to treat red maize.The effects of radiation on these two plants apparent traits and anthocyanins genes were explored.In addition,we observed,recorded and analyzed the morphology of plant field traits by biostatistics.The genetic group of Antirrhinum majus was detected by RAPD(Randeom Amplified Polymorphic DNA).The expression levels of anthocyanin structural genes(PAL,4CL,CHS,CHI,F3H,F3'H,DFR)and regulatory genes(LC)of red maize at four stages and anthocyanin regulatory genes(Del and Rosea)of Antirrhinum majus were detected by q PCR.The following results were obtained:1.Both space mutagenesis and proton radiation can change the apparent properties of Antirrhinum majus.The germination rate of most seeds was reduced,and the leaves showed a large variation.The leaf morphology was rounded from the control group and mutated to the long elliptical shape of the space group and the lanceolate shape of the proton group.In addition,there is a phenomenon of partial leaf yellowing existed in the M2 generation.2.The rate of genomic polymorphisms induced by space mutation was higher than that induced by proton radiation.The ratio of plant genome polymorphism induced by space mutation is higher than that induced by proton radiation.The relative expression of Del gene and Rosea gene in Antirrhinum majus after space mutagenesis were 10.8 and7.1 times of those in control group,respectively.The relative expression of the Del gene and the Rosea gene in Antirrhinum majus after proton radiation were 4.2 and 1.6 times of those in the control group,respectively.The relative expression of anthocyanins regulatory genes in Antirrhinum majus was higher than that of proton radiation in space mutagenesis.3.The radiation of ¹²C⁶⁺on red maize caused a negative effect on plant traits.After radiation,the stem diameter of red maize became thinner,the ear height increased,the relative ear position was higher and the yield decreased.With the development of red maize,the relative gene expression of anthocyanin gene 4CL in red maize decreased gradually in 0Gy and increased in 30Gy.These results provide reference data for the selection of radiation mutagenesis methods,the precise selection of radiation mutagenesis dose and the study of anthocyanin gene by radiation,which lay a foundation for further research.