Study On The Impact Of Trade Opening On China's CO2 Emissions

Since the reform and opening up,China's economy has developed rapidly,but it is accompanied by the shortage of resources,the unreasonable structure of energy consumption,the deterioration of ecological environment and other problems.The opening up of trade has largely driven the development of China's economy,however,along with a series of environmental problems.At present,China is the world's largest importer and exporter of goods and the world's largest emitter of CO2.In recent years,low carbon economy has become a hot topic worldwide.Academe and governments at all levels are also paying more and more attention to the relationship between trade openness and carbon emission s,hoping to find the reasons for the increasing carbon emissions from the perspective of trade openness,so as to promote the benign and coordinated development of China's trade openness and emission reduction.Based on the carbon emission estimation method given by IPCC and the panel data from 1999 to 2018 of China's 30 provinces,this research firstly uses the dynamic panel data GMM model to analyze the impact of trade opening on CO2 emissions from the national level;Then,static panel data fixed effect model is used to compare the impact of trade opening in the three major regions of East,Central and West on CO2 emissions.What needs to be pointed out is that the degree of dependence on foreign trade is used to indicate the level of regional trade openness.The empirical analysis based on the GMM model of the national dynamic panel data shows that the degree of foreign trade dependence is significantly positively correlated with CO2 emissions in the sample period,that is,the higher the level of regional trade openness,the higher the CO2 emissions.The Kuznets curve(EKC)has been verified to some extent in the samples selected in this paper,that is,per capita GDP and CO2 emissions show an inverted U shape.The influence coefficient of foreign capital dependence is0.992,but it does not reach the significant level.Therefore,the hypothesis that the higher the foreign capital dependence in a region is,the higher its CO2 emissions is has not been fully verified.Industrial structure is significantly positively correlated with CO2 emission.Research and development investment is negatively correlated with CO2 emissions,but not significantly.Government regulation is significantly negatively correlated with CO2 emissions.Based on the fixed effect model of regional static panel data,the analysis shows that the foreign trade dependence is significantly positively correlated with CO2 emissions in the eastern region,while it is opposite in the central region and not significant in the western region.Per capita GDP and CO2 emissions in all three regions show an inverted U-shape,and the Kuznets curve is verified.The dependence of foreign capital in the three regions did not reach the significant level.The industrial structure has a significant positive correlation with CO2 emission in the three regions.Research and development investment is not significant in the eastern region,but significantly negatively correlated with CO2 emissions in the central and western regions.Government regulation has a significant negative correlation with CO2 emissions in the central region,but not in the eastern and western regions.Lastly,this paper puts forward some related suggestions,to promote environmental protection under the premise of realizing the sustainable healthy development of foreign trade,of harmonizing the contradiction between openness to trade and carbon emissions,China's commitment to carbon emission reduction goals,promote the development of low carbon and green economy.