Exploring The "Arts And Crafts Movement" From The Perspective Of Artifacts

After the first industrial revolution,the industrial manufacturing method dominated by large machine production became the main method of artificial production.In the early stage,this production method only paid attention to the quantity and practical functions of artificial production,and the quality was often shoddy,ugly and clumsy,and lacked aesthetics and cultural precipitation.The "Arts and Crafts Movement" was developed around this kind of industrial manufacturing that lacks aesthetics.The movement was pioneered by John Ruskin and William Morris,and set off a revival of craftsmanship both theoretically and practically.It is undeniable that the "crafts and arts movement" is full of paradoxes.On the one hand,it retreated to the Middle Ages to find a way out,and the result was still a resurrection movement.On the other hand,it also has a positive side,proposing the contradiction between mechanized mass production and aesthetics.Ruskin and others are also soberly aware that the production and construction of artificial objects in the early stages of industrialization is too technical and lacks the beauty of form brought by craftsmanship.Advocating the restoration of the integration of technology and art.With the rapid development and wide application of contemporary science and technology,the artificial objects of industrial production and engineering construction are becoming more and more complex and diverse,and the state of separation between technology and art in artificial objects still exists even today.High-tech production methods have not only greatly increased the output of products,changed the quality and form of products,but also changed the traditional way of human creation.The production methods and aesthetic fashions of art are also gradually changing.The technology and art condensed in artificial objects will eventually change all aspects of people's lives.Contemporary philosophical research on artifacts is the first to promote the Dutch school,which has had a wide range of influence.The Dutch school evaded the problem of the aesthetic properties of the artifacts by limiting the scope of technical artifacts.The "Arts and Crafts Movement" proved by historical facts that the artificial objects of industrial manufacturing or engineering construction have aesthetic attributes that cannot be excluded and cannot be reduced to structure or function.This means that on the basis of the dichotomy of the "structure" and "function" of the Dutch school of artefacts,it is necessary to add the attribute of "form" to construct a new theory of "structure-function-form" three-dimensional artefacts.On the one hand,this article provides historical evidence for this new theory of artifacts based on the study of the "Arts and Crafts Movement".On the other hand,in turn,taking the "structure-function-form" three-dimensional theory of artificial objects as the field of vision,re-examine the "crafts and arts movement" to further demonstrate the theoretical and historical significance of the movement.