Design And Analysis On Two-Party Semi-Quantum Private Comparison Protocols

Quantum secure multiparty computation,as a counterpart of quantum cryptography,concentrates on calculating a function value mapped by different users' private information in a distributed network without exposing the private information of each user.To date,a variety of fascinating applications of quantum secure multiparty computation,such as quantum private comparison,quantum anonymous voting etc,have been discussed.Over the past decade,researchers have been extremely enthusiastic about the design of quantum private comparison protocols.In addition,due to the high price and inconvenience of the existing quantum devices,semi-quantum private comparison came into being.Based on four-particle GHZ states or high-level quantum states,one quantum private comparison protocol and three semi-quantum private comparison protocols are designed in this dissertation.The specific research work of this dissertation is as follows:A new quantum private comparison protocol of equality with two-level four-particle GHZ states is constructed.Unlike most previous quantum private comparison protocols of equality,this quantum private comparison protocol could compare the equality of three information bits in each comparison,which could greatly reduce the comparison times.In addition,the private input of either party will not be leaked out to others,including participants.Besides,it's simple to implement the protocol with current technologies since only single-particle measurements and Bell measurements are involved.Furthermore,the protocol has good performance in withstanding various outside attacks and participant attacks.With high-level Bell states,a new semi-quantum private comparison protocol of size relation is designed.In comparison with the existing semi-quantum private comparison protocols,the designed semi-quantum private comparison protocol could compare the size relation between two classical participants' secrets in one-time execution without divulging their secrets.This could reduce the consumption of quantum resources and raise the efficiency of the proposed semi-quantum private comparison protocol.The correctness of the protocol is validated and further supported by some specific examples.The protocol could resist the interception attack,the entanglement attack,and so on.With high-level single photons,two two-party semi-quantum private comparison protocols of size relation are presented.The first protocol applies the distribute-resend model to transmit particles,whereas the second protocol employs the circle model.Besides,neither of the designed protocols requires classical participants to possess measurement abilities,hence the consumption of quantum resources is reduced.The correctness analysis demonstrates that the output results of the two presented semi-quantum private comparison protocols are correct,and the secret values compared by two classical users will not be exposed to others.Besides,the two semi-quantum private comparison protocols of size relation could withstand some common attacks,including external attacks and participant attacks.