Whole-Brain Patterns Of Inputs To GABAergic Neurons In The Dorsolateral Striatum

The dorsolateral striatum is an important region of the striatum,which is closely related to learning and memory,sensorimotor,cognitive and emotional functions.The neurons in the dorsolateral striatum are mainly composed of ?-aminobutyric acid(?-aminobutyricacid,GABA)neurons.About 90% of them are GABA-ergic medium spiny projection neurons(MSNs),which can be divided into D1R-MSNs and D2R-MSNs according to the expression type of dopamine.In addition,the dorsolateral striatum also contains cholinergic interneurons and GABA interneurons.According to the biological expression of GABA interneurons,these neurons are divided into parvabumin(PV)positive neurons,somatostatin(SST)positive neurons and so on.At present,the research on the local loop of the medium spiny projection neurons type of GABA has been completed,and the characteristics and function of the loop have been analyzed in detail with the help of anatomy and electrophysiology.However,the whole brain input of GABA neurons and the structure and function of the related loop need to be further studied and improved.In this study,modified retrograde rabies virus(RV)and adeno-associated virus(AAV)were used as neuronal tracers to target specific types of upstream loops of neurons in the dorsolateral striatum of transgenic mice.The whole brain inputs of various types of neurons were counted by digital optical imaging system,and the characteristics and rules of upstream loops of various types of neurons were analyzed.We found that primary sensory cortex(S1),primary motor cortex(M1)and secondary motor cortex(M2)are the main inputs of D1,D2,PV and SST GABA neurons.In addition,the striatum also has a large number of local inputs to these four kinds of neurons.Secondly,the upstream input brain area is biased to the inputs of these four types of neurons.For example,the visual cortex is more input to D2 RMSNs,while D1R-MSNs receives more input from brain areas such as frontal syndesmosis cortex and lateral orbital cortex,and most brain regions dominate multiple neurons in the dorsolateral striatum at the same time.In addition,we also found that the innervation of the secondary motor cortex to four kinds of GABA neurons in the dorsolateral striatum was spatially specific,which further inspired us that the loop connection between the secondary motor cortex and the dorsolateral striatum was much more complex than that described in previous studies.In short,the whole brain input distribution of different neuronal types in the dorsolateral striatum was obtained.It provides a reference for understanding the nerve loop and related functional research of dorsolateral striatum,and provides a corresponding target for the future research of dorsolateral striatum related diseases,which has important guiding significance.