Research On Influencing Factors Of Children's Bronchial Pneumonia In Chengdu Based On Geographical Environment Big Data

As a common childhood respiratory disease,bronchopneumonia severely hinders the healthy growth of children.Globally,lower respiratory diseases,including bronchopneumonia,are one of the causes of death in children.Besides,the prevalence and mortality of bronchial pneumonia in children in developing countries are much higher than those in developed countries.In China,the number of children with bronchial pneumonia hospitalized accounts for 24.5%to 54.2%of the total number of children hospitalized.When the high incidence of the disease,pediatric clinic every day for about two-thirds of children with bronchial pneumonia.In Chengdu,among the top ten deaths among residents,respiratory diseases including bronchial pneumonia are in the top three all year-round.By the end of 2017,the mortality of the disease had risen to 155.78 per100,000,and the number of deaths accounted for 24.39%of the total number of deaths in Chengdu.Suffering from bronchial pneumonia is not only related to the patient's immunity but also affected by the surrounding environment.Moreover,children's respiratory system is not yet fully developed and is more sensitive to the surrounding environment.Therefore,based on children's bronchial pneumonia medical record and environmental data,analyzing the impact of environmental factors on children's bronchial pneumonia in Chengdu from a geographic perspective can provide decision-making support for the prevention and control of children's bronchial pneumonia in the city,as well as provide a reference for future related research.This paper takes Chengdu as the study area,and the research unit is the township(street).At the same time,the data of medical records of children with bronchial pneumonia,World Pop population data and geographic environment data which including pollutants(CO?NO₂?O₃?PM₁₀?PM_2.5?SO₂),meteorological elements(daily average temperature,daily relative humidity,daily average wind speed)and NDVI are collected in 2017.First,perform corresponding summary statistics,geostatistical interpolation,Anusplin interpolation,the mean-value iteration filter on the collected medical record data and geographic environment data to obtain the monthly number of patients and the prevalence,the average monthly concentration of pollutants,the average monthly values of meteorological elements and NDVI in each township(street).Next,analyze the time distribution characteristics of bronchial pneumonia and the spatial distribution characteristics of the prevalence after spatial empirical bayesian smoothing.Then,global spatial autocorrelation,hot spot analysis,and space-time scan statistic are used to explore the spatiotemporal clustering characteristics of children with bronchial pneumonia.Finally,using geodetector and a combination of principal component analysis and geographically and temporally weighted regression to analyze the impact of geographical environment factors on children with bronchial pneumonia in Chengdu from the perspective of spatial differentiation and spatiotemporal.The results are as follows:(1)In terms of time,the average number and prevalence of children with bronchial pneumonia in Chengdu fluctuate significantly in different months.December is the high-incidence period of the disease,the average number of patients up to 296 people per day,and the prevalence is 56.22 per 100,000.The average number of patients in August is the least,falling to 120 people per day,with a prevalence of 22.88 per 100,000.In space,the dispersion of the prevalence after spatial empirical bayesian smoothing is reduced,indicating that this method can solve the problem of abnormally high prevalence due to the small population.(2)Children with bronchopneumonia in Chengdu have obvious spatiotemporal clustering characteristics.From a global perspective,the Global Moran's Index for each month indicates that children with bronchial pneumonia in Chengdu have a positive spatial autocorrelation,but the degree of autocorrelation is different.Among them,children with bronchopneumonia in August had the highest degree of positive autocorrelation,with a Global Moran's Index of 0.42.Children with bronchial pneumonia in January had the lowest degree of positive autocorrelation with a Global Moran's Index of 0.26.From a local perspective,the number of cold and hot spots and the degree of aggregation of bronchopneumonia change over time.In winter,the number of townships(streets)that appear as hot spots is the largest and covers the widest range.In summer,the number of townships(streets)that appear as hot spots is the least,and the coverage is the smallest.Many townships(streets)in Shuangliu,Wenjiang,Pidu,Xindu and other places distributed around the center of Chengdu are hot spot gathering areas every month of the year,while Qionglai in the southwest and Jianyang in the southeast are mostly cold spots throughout the year.From the perspective of time and space,there are five statistically significant clusters of childhood bronchial pneumonia throughout the year.Among them,children with bronchial pneumonia in 30 townships(streets)including Anjing Street,Dafeng Street,and Banzhuyuan Town,located within the range of Xindu,Pidu,and Pengzhou,appeared to be the most likely cluster from January to June.(3)From the perspective of spatial differentiation,among the selected geographical environment factors(CO?NO₂?O₃?PM₁₀?PM_2.5?SO₂?TEM?RHU?NDVI)that are significantly related to bronchopneumonia in children,many months indicate that PM₁₀ has the greatest explanatory power for bronchopneumonia in children.Moreover,after the interaction of environmental factors,the interpretation of bronchopneumonia in children tends to be nonlinearly enhanced.From the perspective of spatiotemporal,the biggest influencing factor of bronchial pneumonia in children in various townships(streets)changes with time and space.But overall,the second principal component(PCA2),which refers to relative humidity,has the greatest impact on children with bronchopneumonia in Chengdu,that is,an increase in relative humidity leads to an increased risk of children suffering from bronchopneumonia.