Research On High-speed Data Transmission System Of Nuclear Physics Experiment Based On 10 Gigabit Ethernet

With the continuous improvement of human requirements for nuclear physics particle detection,modern particle experimental devices are rapidly increasing in scale,energy level,and event rate.Most of the data transmission systems currently used in nuclear physics particle detection experimental devices in my country have problems such as limited data bandwidth,complex system construction,and poor stability.In order to meet the requirements of nuclear physics experiments,the performance of the data transmission system must be upgraded accordingly.Aiming at this problem,this paper launches the research and design of a high-speed data transmission system suitable for nuclear physics particle detection experimental devices.The system consists of a frontend transmission board,an FPGA read control board and a data storage PC.The frontend transmission board can be adapted to the nuclear physics particle detection experimental device to collect experimental data,and perform full-duplex high-speed serial data transmission through the QSFP+ optical fiber and the reading control board.On this basis,the main work of this article is to implement the logic design of 10 Gigabit Ethernet UDP/IP based on FPGA,that is,to use Verilog hardware description language and Xilinx's Vivado development kit to carry out modular programming to realize the function of UDP/IP protocol.The design has fast transmission rate and high stability,and provides a high-performance and highly reliable transmission scheme for data transmission between the reading control board and the PC.This article first briefly introduces the working principles of the TCP/IP protocol suite and UDP/IP protocol.According to the transmission standard of 10 Gigabit Ethernet,the main protocols in the UDP/IP protocol stack and the important technologies of Ethernet MAC frame,PHY sublayer and checksum are discussed.Then,the high-speed data transmission system was designed to realize the high-speed data transmission from the front-end transmission board to the reading control board and then to the PC.In view of the characteristics of the protocol and hardware,the design ideas of layered processing and modularization are adopted,and the UDP/IP protocol stack module is designed in the order of "receiving analysis-data buffering-framing sending",and designing 10 Gigabit Ethernet UDP /IP protocol data transmission link.Secondly,build a 10 Gigabit Ethernet test platform to test all aspects of the design of the 10 Gigabit Ethernet UDP/IP protocol transmission link.Completed the protocol function test of ARP,ICMP request and response,and focused on the test of 10 Gigabit Ethernet connection,loopback transmission performance,loopback storage rate,and transmission rate.The test results show that the Ethernet connection is stable and does not lose packets;the loopback transmission performance is excellent;the maximum storage rate for uplink and downlink is 109MB/s and 220MB/s;the stable transmission rate for uplink and downlink can reach 1000MB/s and 500MB/s,respectively.At the end of the thesis,the whole system is set up to test the transmission of the high-speed data transmission system.After completing the self-communication error rate and eye diagram test between the reading control board SFP optical module and the QSFP optical module,the system's Ethernet connection test,system data capture test and system data transmission test were completed.The test results show that the data transmission link of optical fiber communication is reliable;the Ethernet connection is stable without packet loss;the data transmission of the high-speed data transmission system is correct and stable;the maximum instantaneous rate of data storage is 91MB/s.