Effect Of Wingate Test On Lower Limb Muscle Activation And Fatigue At Different Height And Load

Purposes:Seat height and load were objective factors affecting Wingate test.Through this study,it was clear whether seat height and load factors had influence on Wingate test results.Wingate test is a test method of anaerobic power and an important means of anaerobic training.The influence of Wingate test with different seat heights and loads on lower limb muscle activation and fatigue was analyzed by s EMG,so as to provide theoretical reference for Wingate anaerobic training.Methods:experimental method:The effects of Wingate test on anaerobic power and lower limb s EMG of different seat heights(107% seat height,109% seat height and 111% seat height)and load(0.075kg/kg.LBW and 0.085kg/kg.LBW)were compared by experimental method.The Cyclus2 anaerobic power test system was used to collect the anaerobic power of Wingate test from 17 physical education majors at different seat heights and loads;Delsys Tringo surface EMG test system and Sony HD camera were used to synchronously collect Wingate test signals and motion images of lower limb muscles at different height and load.To study the difference of anaerobic power and activation and fatigue characteristics of lower limb muscles in Wingate test with different seat heights and loads.Mathematical statistics:The values obtained in this study were expressed as Mean±SD.In this study,descriptive statistics were used to conduct statistics on the basic information of the subjects.Two-way ANOVA was used to compare the anaerobic power indexes and time domain indexes(IEMG,RMS,contribution rate)in Wingate test of different seat heights and loads.When the results were significant,pairwise comparison was further conducted;Two-factor repeated-measure ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of Wingate test with different seat heights and load on lower limb muscle frequency domain index(MPF).Shapiro-Wilk test method was used to test the normal distribution of experimental data.Levene variance homogeneity test was used to test the homogeneity of variance.All preprocessed data obtained from the tests were statistically analyzed using Excel 2010 and SPSS 21.0 software,and the significance level was defined as P<0.05,very significant level was defined as P<0.01.Results:(1)The main effect of seat height and load on Wingate test results was not significant(P>0.05),the interaction effect of seat height and load on Wingate test results was not significant(P>0.05);(2)The main effect of seat height on the discharge of lower limb muscle was not significant in Wingate test(P>0.05);Changes in load significantly increased the release of rectus femoris and vastus medialis(P<0.05);(3)The contribution rate of lower limb muscle was not significantly affected by seat height and load(P>0.05);There was a significant interaction between seat height and load on the lateral contribution rate of gastrocnemius(P<0.05);(4)The main effects of load and seat height on lower limb muscle MPF were not significant(P>0.05),The main effect of time on MPF of lower limb muscles(rectus femoris,vastus medialis,vastus lateralis,tibialis anterior and biceps femoris gastrocnemius)was significant(P<0.05),showing that the lower limb muscle MPF decreased significantly with time,but the decreasing trend was inconsistent,while the biceps femoris MPF did not change significantly with time(P>0.05),There was significant interaction between load and time on the medial and lateral head MPF of gastrocnemius(P<0.05),showing that the MPF of gastrocnemius muscle decreased more in T2-T6 stage with the increase of load.Research Conclusions:(1)In the wingate test of ordinary college students,the variation of seat height within 107%-111% of ischial nodular height from ground and the variation of load coefficient between 0.075-0.080 had no effect on test results;(2)There were differences in the starting sequence of Wingate test of lower limbs among different subjects.The anterior muscle group of lower limbs was activated earlier than the posterior muscle group of lower limbs;(3)The main exerting muscles in Wingate test were vastus medialis,vastus lateralis,tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius.The variation of seat height between107% and 111% of the ischial nodules height to ground had no effect on the activation of lower limb muscles.The increase of cycling load from 7.5% of lean body weight to 8% could significantly enhance the activation of rectus vastus and vastus medius muscles;(4)The variation of seat height between 107% and 111% of ischial nodule height has no significant effect on lower limb muscle fatigue.The rectus femoris muscle is one of the earliest muscles to appear in cycling;There is significant interaction between load and time on gastrocnemius fatigue,and the slight change of load will deepen the degree of gastrocnemius fatigue.