Water Ecological Function Zoning In The Yellow River Source Park Of Three River Source National Park For Biodiversity Conservation

Water ecological function zoning is the basis of regional ecosystem and environmental planning and management.The zoning of water ecological function in national parks is of guiding significance for the protection,utilization and control development of national parks.Biodiversity protection is an important goal of national park construction and an important measure to maintain the sustainable development of ecosystem.The climate environment in the Three-River Source region is complex and diverse,and it is the region with the most abundant biodiversity on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.It has unique ecological geographical characteristics and sensitive indicator ability of climate change.The construction of national parks can integrate and rationalize the biodiversity conservation system,systematically maintain the functional and sustainable habitat,and balance the relationship between resource conservation and development and utilization.This paper takes Yellow River Source Park of Three-River Source National Park as the research object,and according to the ecological geographical characteristics of each region in the park,based on GIS and RS technology,the water ecological function of the Yellow River Source Park was divided into three zones: meteorology,river network,geomorphology,vegetation,soil,etc.Based on the status quo of biodiversity in the Yellow River Source Park,biodiversity conservation value of each water ecological function zone was evaluated.Based on the survey results of the line transect method,the biodiversity index of each region in the water ecological function region was calculated,and the important conservation regions were classified according to the conservation value of biodiversity.The results can provide a scientific basis and target for the management and protection of the ecosystem and regional environment and the monitoring of biodiversity patrolling in the Yellow River Source Park.The specific research conclusions are as follows:(1)The Yellow River Source Park is divided into 5 first-level water ecological function zones and 19 second-level water ecological function zones.The naming method of main ecological unit + location + functional area(such as the confluence area of Zling Lake-Eling Lake Basin)was adopted for the first level of the zoning.The naming method of the second level subregion was adopted: location + thematic ecosystem type + ecological subregion(such as Zling Lake-Alpine Grassland Ecological Subregion on the North Bank of Eling Lake).The characteristics of different ecosystem types are different in each subregion,and the ecosystem heterogeneity among different subregions is strong.Vegetation type and coverage difference is obvious,so the zoning boundary is clear.The boundary adjustment of subbasin and hydrological response unit makes the result of subdivision more scientific and reasonable.(2)The results of the conservation value assessment of species diversity showed that the conservation value of animal and plant species diversity,the conservation value of germplasm resources and the comprehensive conservation value were high,which indicated that the conservation importance of species diversity within the Yellow River Source Park was high,and the overall conservation value of the ecosystem was high.(3)Among the first-level water ecological function zones,the most species and quantity of animals were found in the tributary valley of the Yellow River.Based on the biodiversity index,the second-level water ecological function subdivision is divided into 6 particularly important protection areas,3 important protection areas,2relatively important protection areas and data areas to be supplemented.The area of the Yellow River source park was 46%,19%,15% and 20%,respectively,of which the most important protected areas occupied the most area of the park.The highest biodiversity index and NPP index were all in the Heihe River-Yellow River-Baimaqu River Valley Alpine Swamp-meadow sub-area,indicating that the better the habitat quality,the richer the biodiversity.(4)Patrol scope can be delimited and patrolling tasks assigned according to community distribution and transportation basis in each area of water ecological function zoning.In accordance with the principle of key areas being patrolled and blank areas being patrolled,systematic patrolling and protection schemes are formulated for important protected species and their habitats,so as to provide reference for the construction of national park patrolling system.