The Study Of Electron And Position Spectra Based On The Spatially-dependent Propagation Model Of Galactic Cosmic Rays

Cosmic rays are the high-energy charged particles which come outside the solar system.With those new generation of experiments,comic rays(CRs)measurements are stepping into an era of high precision and revealing a series of new phenomena.A series of cosmic ray "anomalies",such as the famous positron and nuclear excesses,have been found in the last decade under the precise measurement,which can give us a better understanding of the origin of cosmic rays.The positron spectral excess was first detected by the PAMELA experiment and confirmed with unprecedented precision by the AMS-02 experiment.Recently,the AMS-02 experiment has updated its measurements of positrons and electrons,raising the electron and positron spectra to 1.4Te V and 1Te V,respectively.Compared with previous observations,a new and important structure is given.The positron spectrum drops sharply at284 Ge V.Provided that the details of production,accelerated and transport can be revealed,we can have more comprehension about galaxy and our universe.The local pulsar and its progenitor,SNR,can together accelerate the positron,electron and nuclei to very high energy.The famous excesses of positron(nuclei)above 20GV(200GV)possibly come from such kind of local source.This hints that the primary electron should also hold "excess" above 200 GV,synchronously accelerated along with the nuclei.The recent precise measurement of sharp dropoff at 284 Ge V of positron by AMS-02 experiment takes chance to study this expected electron excess and electron "knee" structure.This paper is mainly divided into the following parts:The first chapter gives an overview about the research of cosmic rays.Firstly,the discovery of cosmic rays is introduced and the research history is reviewed.Then the main characteristics of cosmic rays,detection methods and the research status of positron and negative electron spectroscopy are introduced.In chapter two,the main process of the propagation of galactic cosmic rays and the propagation equations corresponding to different propagation models are introduced in detail,and each term of the equation is explained in detail.In chapter three,we explain the energy spectra of positrons,electrons and protons by using the space-dependent propagation + local source model.Considering the sharp decay of positrons at 284 Ge V,we systematically study the common sources of positron,electron and nucleus exceedance phenomena in the Geminga pulsar and SNR.Under the unified model of a single adjacent source,these exceedances can be explained simultaneously.Chapter four describes the different experiments we use to predict the "knee" of electron and the possible discussion of the LHAASO observation.The fifth chapter summarizes the work of this paper and looks forward to the future research of cosmic ray physics.