Effect Of Initial Packing Status And Modification Of Bottom Wall On Two-dimension Granular Flux Under Constant Speed Field

Granular flow refers to fluid-like state of granular matters which are sheared or driven by external force.In industry,horizontal granular flow has a wide range of applications in particulate material transport,mixing and separation.Compared with three-dimensional flow,two-dimensional flow is easier to observe and analyze,and is the basis for studying three-dimensional flow.We designed a two-dimensional horizontal system,and present three approaches,modifying the bottom wall,tuning the initial packing state and the combination of both above,to improve the flow rate of disks driven on a conveyor belt through an aperture,by up to 15.6%.To understand the mechanism of the increase of the flow rate,we have also measured the velocity and the packing density profiles in the flow of particles just above the apertures.The increase of the flow rate from the bottom wall modification and combination is mainly attributed to an increase of the flowing velocity of disks through the aperture.However,the increase in the flow rate from the initial packing state is due to an increase of the packing density above the aperture.We provide a qualitative explanation for the increase of the velocity and packing density.Potentially,the research can shed light on the traffic flow or the emergence evacuation of crowds.