Study Of The Formation Channels Of Stripped-envelope Supernovae Progenitor

Supernova is a very important astronomical phenomenon,which has important research significance in the formation of interstellar medium and rocky planet.The core collapse type supernovae will be produced when the massive stars die.Because of the envelope of the stars,we should be able to observe the envelope matter ejectors of the core collapse supernovae.But observations show that a large number of corecollapse supernovae do not show the envelope matter ejection,meaning that the stars lost their envelope before they exploded.These supernovae are called strippedenvelope supernovae.stripped-envelope supernovae are considered as possible sources of gamma-ray bursts due to the absence of envelope.however,it is not clear how the stripped-envelope supernovae stripped its envelope before explode.It is generally believed that Wolf-Rayet stars are stripped-envelope supernova predecessor star that will go through a special stage before explode.At this time,most of the stars envelope has been stripped and has high mass loss.There are two theories about the origin of stripped-envelope supernovae and the formation of Wolf-Rayet stars.One is single star with chemically homogeneous evolution channel,and the other is helium star in a binary system channel.The single star with chemically homogeneous evolution models refers to the convection of material inside and outside the star due to the high rotation of the stars,which increases the mass loss.The helium star in a binary system models refers to the stars removes its hydrogen envelope to form a helium star that is transferred by the Loch lobe.Both channels can produce Wolf-Rayet stars and eventually form stripped-envelope supernovae.In this paper,we used the MESA program to simulate the two channels separately and found that the metallicity and initial mass of the star play a decisive role in the formation of a stripped-envelope supernova.For The single star with chemically homogeneous evolution channel,the formation of stripped-envelope supernovae require at least the initial mass above 20 M?(M?refers to the solar mass)at a high metallicity and at least an initial mass above 25M?at a low metallicity.For The helium star in a binary system channel,the formation of stripped-envelope supernovae require the minimum initial mass is 14M?for high metallicity and at least an initial mass above18M?at a low metallicity.We found that for different subtypes of supernovae,the stripped-envelope supernovae corresponding initial mass at the same metallicity is different.ultra-stripped supernova can only be evolved from The helium star in a binary system.