The Environmental Benefits Of Different Plant Communities In Arid Tipical Parks

Xinjiang is a typical arid area in China,and its ecological environment is very fragile.Extreme hot and dry climate conditions lead to the deterioration of human settlement environment quality.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the regulation effect of plant community on microclimate environment for optimizing the structure of plant community in arid area.Due to the special geographical location and climatic environment of Urumqi and Turpan in Xinjiang,this study took Urumqi People's Park and Turpan Desert Park with typical arid desert climate as examples.Taking 14 plant communities as the research object,various environmental factors of plant communities in different seasons were measured.And the cooling and humidifying effects of plant communities,the reduction of particulate matter and the differences in human comfort of plant communities were compared and analyzed.And the effects of different plant communities on environmental improvement were discussed.The main results are as follows:(1)Different plant communities have different cooling and humidification effects in summer and autumn.The best cooling and humidification effects in the People's Park are the Gleditsia triacanthos L.-Syringa.oblata Lindl.and the Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge.community.The Populus euphratica Oliv.-Sphaerophysa salsula Pall.community and the Populus euphratica Oliv.-Tamarix chinensis Lour.community have the best cooling and humidification effects,and the grassland has the least cooling and humidification effects.(2)In summer,The plant community had the greatest reduction effect in the People's Park on PM₁₀and PM_2.5 in the Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge.-Ligustrum obtusifolium Sieb.community,and the Salix matsudana Koidz.community has the smallest reduction effect.In autumn,The Ulmus pumila L.-Syringa.oblata Lindl.community has the best reduction effect on PM₁₀ and PM_2.5,the Picea koraiensis Nakai.community has the worst reduction effect.In summer,Due to the accumulation of particulate matter in the plant community,the daily average PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations of the control points are lower than other plant communities.(3)According to the daily average comfort index to evaluate the comfort level standards of different plant communities,the human comfort level of the Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge.community in the People's Park in summer is level I,and the autumn Salix matsudana Koidz.community and Fraxinus sogdiana Bunge.-Ligustrum obtusifolium Sieb.community human body comfort level is I Grade II,and other plant communities are Grade II.The human comfort level of the Tamarix chinensis Lour.-Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.community,Populus euphratica Oliv.community,Tamarix chinensis Lour.community and grassland in the desert park in summer is level III,and the other plant communities are level II.The human comfort level of the Populus euphratica Oliv.-Tamarix chinensis Lour.community and the Populus euphratica Oliv.-Sphaerophysa salsula Pall.community in autumn was level I,the grassland is level III,and the human comfort level of other plant communities is level II.(4)The comfort index of the plant community in the People's Park in summer is a very significant positive correlation with air temperature.The comfort index is related to PM₁₀ Both PM_2.5 and PM_2.5 are significantly positively correlated.The comfort index of desert park plant communities has a very significant positive correlation with temperature,a significant negative correlation with relative humidity and PM₁₀,and a very significant negative correlation with PM_2.5.(5)A comprehensive comparison of the environmental effects of different plant communities find that the Gleditsia triacanthos L.-Syringa.oblata Lindl.community,the Populus euphratica Oliv.-Tamarix chinensis Lour.community have the best,and the Ulmus pumila L.-Syringa.oblata Lindl.community and Populus euphratica Oliv.-Sphaerophysa salsula Pall.community are better,and Grassland and other single-structured plant communities have poor environmental effects.