The Variation Of Floral Morphology In Primula Tibetica

The genus Primula is widely used in research of reproductive biology,most species of this genus have the feature of heterostyly(about 92% of all species),some species of the genus have both heterostyly and homostyly,and some species only have homostyly feature.Till now,genus Primula is still the model group of researching heterostyly.This project used Primula tibetica as experimental material,a species never reported homostylous morph,to explore where the variation morph found in field origin and what type is the variation morph belongs to.The experiment is processing under both morphology level and molecular level,comparing the difference between morphs.The result shows as following:1.Primula tibetica's morph definition and characters comparingThe Principal Component Analysis(PCA)result shows that the Long-styled morph and non-Long-styled morph(anther position lower than position)can be perfectly divided into two groups,indicating that collected Primula tibetica material have the typical heterostyly feature.The K-means clustering can effectively divide non-Long-styled morph into two groups(Short-styled morph and variation morph)according to stigmaanther separation and corolla tube length.The one-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons between three morphs result shows that: among all populations,anther height,stigma height,stigma-anther separation,corolla tube length have significant difference between morphs;side length is significant difference between morphs in six populations;anther length,corolla tube opening size,dry weight,corolla width,corolla tube width,petal length,petal width,petal number,calyx lobe length,calyx lobe width,calyx perimeter,ovary length,ovary width is significant difference between morphs in five or less populations.The result indicates that the variation morph may be homostyly and originate from Short-styled morph.2.The male and female reproduction organ: pollen and ovule related index measuring and comparingThe pollen number,pollen size,surface of pollen grain,ovule number,pollen and ovule number ratio,width of stigmatic papillae are measured and calculated.The pollen size in Short-styled morph and homostyly is significant bigger than Long-styled morph,but shows no difference between themselves.Pollen number,ovule number,pollen and ovule number ratio are not significant different between morphs.The surface of pollen grain is slightly different between Long-styled morph and Short-styled morph,Homostyly,but shows no difference between the latter two morphs.The result supports the conclusion drawn from morphology level.3.The analysis and comparing between morphs under molecular levelSequencing and sequence alignment of CYP exon1 and exon5 of Short-styled morph and homostyly show no significant difference related to morph.The phylogenetic tree of two sequences shows no accurate rule between morph and phylogenetic relationship.In conclusion,combing with three different levels of research,the collected Primula tibetica is a type of homostyly and originates from Short-styled morph.The variation may be the initial stage of transformation.