| This doctoral thesis tackles the study of such an essential phenomenon in human communication, as its implicit aspect. This piece of work has a general value regarding the linguistic functioning of the implicit, but its interest is mainly focused in a specific language: contemporary French.; The different implicit contents observed in everyday language, appear classified in the three, traditionally established, groups: presupposition, conversational implicature and indirect speech acts. Each of these types of implicit is tackled in a chapter.; The study is placed in a theoretical and conceptual frame, constituted fundamentally by Relevance Theory formulated by D. Sperber and D. Wilson, the Theory of Argumentation in Language, developed from the works of J.-C Anscombre and O. Ducrot and the theory of Polyphony also proposed by Ducrot. An also important reference point is constituted by the Speech Act Theory, developed from the works of language philosophers, such as J. L. Austin or J. R. Searle.; A deep reflection is carried out about these three types of implicit content in the light of these theories; raising again some of the most important descriptions offered by the authors devoted to the study of these phenomena.; But undoubtedly, the main objective of this work is the development of a model which taking as a base the fundamental concepts offered by the theories on which it is based, allows to describe the functioning of the different types of implicit contents present in the discourse and explains the procedure by which the addresser achieves to make implicit a certain content through the utterance of a particular statement, as well as the mechanism that allows the addressee the retrieval of the above mentioned content.; In this sense, the thesis presents the implicit contents as elements which are part of an argumentative process. In the same way, it is shown how the different contents both explicit and implicit correspond to different voices that the addresser presents in his/her own discourse. |
