| Tetralin, an excellent hydrogen donor solvent, and a mixture, of tetralin and creosote oil (CTM) were used as the hydrogenation solvents in the coal liquefaction. Catalytic additives were used to study their effects on the product distribution and properties. Tin chloride, iron sulfate, and ammonium molybdate were chosen based on their ability to affect the coal liquefaction products. Based on previous work at West Virginia University, the 1-gallon bolted closure autoclave reactors were pressurized to 400 psig (cold) and then heated to 450°C for 1 hour. The reaction products were separated by filtration, rotary evaporation, and vacuum distillation. Characterization tests on the products included helium pycnomety (density), elemental analysis (C/H ratio), FTIR (aromaticity), viscosity at different shear rates and temperatures, differential scanning calorimetry (glass transition temperature), beta-resins content (toluene insolubility), ash content, and coking value. The beta-resins were isolated by a toluene extraction and subjected to a second hydrogenation. The conditions (solvent type and ratio, hydrogen pressure, temperature, etc.) of this beta-resins hydrogenation were held constant. Theses products were processed and characterized. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)... |
