| The effect of dietary carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) on the metabolite profile of plasma was investigated. Mice were fed one of five diets including: AIN93 diet (negative control), a 45% kcal from fat Diet Induced Obesity diet (DIO; positive control); CML0, Total Western Diet (TWD) with low CML; CML1, TWD with medium CML, and CML2, TWD with high CML. In addition, plasma glucose across the five diet groups was also quantitatively measured in this study.;According to the results, 93 compounds were detected in the mouse plasma samples using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Among all 93 detected compounds, 49 of them were amino acids, fatty acids, organic acids, or other organic molecules, while 44 of them could not be identified and were considered to be "unknowns". Four identified metabolites and 10 unknown metabolites were significantly different between the five diets. In addition, only one metabolite, lactic acid, was significantly different between the three CML diets. A principal component analysis (PCA) showed a clear separation of the CML2 diet, or the diet high in CML, from the other diets along the second principal component. The DIO and AIN93 diets were mostly separated by the third principal component. In addition, both PC1 and PC 3 affected CML0 and CML2.;Overall, the metabolic profile of plasma was affected by the amount of CML in diet more than the differences between diets. However, further study is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms involved in the changes to the metabolome. |
