| Purpose: This work was designed to compare the setup accuracy between the frame-based and frameless localization systems for Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS). In addition, the localization and dosimetric accuracy of the treatment after cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) image-guided localization were also evaluated in this work.;Material and Method: At Duke University Radiation Oncology Department, SRS treatments are performed with Novalis TX system. Commonly, the invasive BrainLab Headring system is used for patients with trigeminal neuralgia; on the other hand, the non-invasive BrainLab U-frame system with thermoplastic mask immobilization is applied for the patient with other brain lesions. Both 2D kV images and CBCT images are acquired from the on-board imager (OBI) system for patient localization. The couch shift data from 288 patients with 394 brain lesions treated by single fraction SRS were collected to calculate the setup discrepancies between both frame-based and frameless stereotactic localizations.;Results: The patient treatment records showed that the radial systematic errors (mean) and the random errors (STD) measured by the OBI system were 1.29+/-1.36 mm and 1.52+/-2.28 mm (mean+/-STD) for the BrainLab Headring system and the U-frame system, respectively. In addition, the radial discrepancies in RMS which represented the magnitude of the shifts were 2.07 mm and 2.73 mm for the BrainLab Headring system and the U-frame system, respectively. The residual errors of the image-guided setup correction evaluated from the distances between CBCT isocenter and the PTV center was 0.49+/-1.06 mm (mean+/-STD), and the radial discrepancy in RMS was 1.15 mm. With the dosimetric accuracy of treatment delivery, the average minimum dose, mean dose, and maximum dose in PTV of the original plans and the CBCT-based plans were 95.45%+/-3.80% and 92.88%+/-3.25%, 110.59%+/-1.81% and 110.11%+/-2.40%, 116.55%+/-3.11% and 115.93%+/-2.78%, respectively. In the original plans, the average 100% prescription dose coverage of GTV and PTV were 99.99% and 99.81%, respectively. On the other hand, in the CBCT plans, the average 100% prescription dose coverage of GTV and PTV were 99.90% and 98.20%, respectively. The average conformity index of the original plans and the CBCT plans were 1.846 and 1.863, respectively. Only the difference in average PTV coverage between the two plans was considered statistical significant among all dosimetric parameters.;Conclusion: In this study, the invasive BrainLab Headring system demonstrated better localization accuracy than the non-invasive U-frame system. The image-guided system provided larger improvement to the U-frame system than the Headring system in minimizing systematic errors, random errors, and the discrepancies in RMS. In addition, the CBCT-based plans also showed a comparable dosimetric treatment quality relative to the original plans. Only the average PTV coverage in CBCT-based plans was considered poorer than the original plans and the differences was found statistical significant. This deviation may result from the residual discrepancies after image-guided patient localization. However, the treatment goal (100% of GTV covered by 100% prescription dose) can still be achieved by the margin expansions from GTV to PTV. Furthermore, in our work, the rotational image-guided corrections were not considered because of the phantom mapping module limitations. These rotational discrepancies may also cause the degradations in PTV coverage during treatment delivery especially for lesions with irregular shape. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)... |
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