| This study examined the effects of lycopene, Vitamin E and fish oil on growth, prostate serum antigen (PSA) production and integrin expression (alpha 2beta1, alphavbeta3, alpha vbeta3 vitronectin) using in vitro models.;Decreased growth with fish oil suggests it may have anti-proliferative effects. The increase of growth with Vitamin E supplementation, does not lend support to supplementation during the progression of PCa. Decreased alpha vbeta3 expression with these nutrients may correspond to decreased invasiveness of the cells as vitronectin is a ligand of these integrins and is expressed in mature bone, where PCa cells preferentially metastasize.;Lycopene had no effect on growth. Vitamin E increased cell growth in all malignant cell lines, and fish oil decreased growth in all cell lines. All of the nutrients decreased the expression of alphavbeta 3 and VR in PC-3 cells, and there were significant changes in PSA production and alpha2beta1 expression with addition of nutrients. |
